@article{8bae3e482ee14b2b976112c3539533b6,
title = "Working memory network alterations and associated symptoms in adults with ADHD and Bipolar Disorder",
abstract = "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Bipolar Disorder (BPD) co-occur frequently and represent a particularly morbid clinical form of both disorders, however underlying neural circuitry contributing to the comorbidity remain understudied. Our aim was to investigate functional brain circuitry during working memory in a group of participants who meet criteria for both disorders (ADHD + BPD), and to explore the relationship of symptoms of each disorder to brain function. We used fMRI to image brain activity in 18 male adults with both ADHD and BPD, and 18 healthy control participants matched one-to-one on age, sex, and handedness, while they performed a sequential letter N-back task. We investigated differences in activation between these groups, and also correlations of brain activity during the task to symptoms of ADHD and BPD independently. We found significant hypoactivity in the subjects with ADHD + BPD vs. controls across frontal and parietal regions, and further, found that BPD and ADHD symptoms related to activity in anatomically distinct regions that were respectively characterized by activation and suppression during task. We conclude that comorbid ADHD + BPD is associated with alterations across anterior and posterior nodes of the working memory network, and symptoms of each disorder are related to anatomically and functionally distinct brain regions.",
keywords = "ADHD, Bipolar Disorder, Default mode network, Executive function, FMRI, Working memory",
author = "Ariel Brown and Joseph Biederman and Eve Valera and Alexandra Lomedico and Megan Aleardi and Nikos Makris and Seidman, {Larry J.}",
note = "Funding Information: Dr. Joseph Biederman is currently receiving research support from the following sources: Elminda, Janssen, McNeil, Next Wave Pharmaceuticals, and Shire. In 2011, Dr. Biederman gave a single unpaid talk for Juste Pharmaceutical Spain, and received honoraria from the MGH Psychiatry Academy for a tuition-funded CME course. He also received an honorarium from Cambridge University Press for a chapter publication. Dr. Biederman received departmental royalties from a copyrighted rating scale used for ADHD diagnoses, paid by Eli Lilly, Shire and AstraZeneca; these royalties are paid to the Department of Psychiatry at MGH. In 2010, Dr. Biederman received a speaker{\textquoteright}s fee from a single talk given at Fundaci{\'o}n Dr.Manuel Camelo A.C. in Monterrey Mexico. Dr. Biederman provided single consultations for Shionogi Pharma Inc. and Cipher Pharmaceuticals Inc.; the honoraria for these consultations were paid to the Department of Psychiatry at the MGH. Dr. Biederman received honoraria from the MGH Psychiatry Academy for a tuition-funded CME course. In 2009, Dr. Joseph Biederman received a speaker{\textquoteright}s fee from the following sources: Fundacion Areces (Spain), Medice Pharmaceuticals (Germany) and the Spanish Child Psychiatry Association. In previous years, Dr. Joseph Biederman received research support, consultation fees, or speaker{\textquoteright}s fees for/from the following additional sources: Abbott, Alza, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltech, Cephalon, Eli Lilly and Co., Esai, Forest, Glaxo, Gliatech, Janssen, McNeil, Merck, NARSAD, NIDA, New River, NICHD, NIMH, Novartis, Noven, Neurosearch, Organon, Otsuka, Pfizer, Pharmacia, The Prechter Foundation, Shire, The Stanley Foundation, UCB Pharma, Inc. and Wyeth. Funding Information: This research was supported by grants from: NIMH MH 62152 (LJS), the National Association for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression Distinguished Investigator Award (JB), MH 57934 (SF), MH 071535 (EV); Boston University School of Medicine, Division of Graduate Medical Sciences Graduate Student Research Fellowship (AB); Janssen Pharmaceuticals (JB); the Mental Illness and Neuroscience Discovery (MIND) Institute (LJS); the Kimmerly-Neil Fund for the Study of Cognition and Psychiatric Disorders in Children ; the Pediatric Psychopharmacology Council Fund ; and the National Center for Research Resources ( P41RR14075 ). Funding bodies had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. ",
year = "2012",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.008",
language = "English",
volume = "46",
pages = "476--483",
journal = "Journal of Psychiatric Research",
issn = "0022-3956",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",
number = "4",
}