Workforce Development in Geriatric Home Care

With the rapidly aging population, it is anticipated that within two decades several million more individuals in the United States with functional impairment and serious ill health will need home health care. This article discusses workforce development, which is a critical issue for future planning, as recently highlighted by the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Key aspects of recruitment, training, and retention of home care workers are discussed, including those who provide basic support for activities of daily living as well as a variety of skilled professionals: therapists, nurses, pharmacists, and physicians. Although the geriatric workforce shortage affects all care settings, it is especially critical in home health care, in part because we are starting with far too few clinicians to meet the medical needs of homebound elderly. A combination of actions is needed, including educational programs, such as those developed by the American Academy of Home Care Physicians (AAHCP), changes in financial incentives, and changes in the culture and practice of health care, to make the home the primary focus of care for these vulnerable, underserved individuals rather than an afterthought.