“Why is it so necessary?”: African American Parents’ Perspectives on Delaying and Refusing HPV Vaccination

Introduction: This study aimed to describe the perspectives of parents who had delayed and refused human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for their children, even when it was discussed or recommended by a health care provider, and to identify the factors related to vaccine hesitancy. Method: Twenty predominantly African American parents of children aged 11-17 years were recruited from various community clinics and organizations to participate in focus groups about their decision-making regarding HPV vaccination. Using deductive content analysis and the Vaccine Hesitancy Determinants Matrix, we describe their perspectives and influences on vaccination decision-making. Results: Multiple reasons emerged, which included concerns about the age of children, perceived discrimination and mistrust based on race and socioeconomic status, and vaccine safety. Discussion: Findings support the development of targeted interventions that address vaccine safety concerns, mistrust, patient-provider communication, and parent education about the benefits of HPV vaccination.