Use of calibration to improve the precision of estimates obtained from All of Us data

OBJECTIVES: To highlight the use of calibration weighting to improve the precision of estimates obtained from All of Us data and increase the return of value to communities from the All of Us Research Program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used All of Us (2017-2022) data and raking to obtain prevalence estimates in two examples: discrimination in medical settings (N = 41 875) and food insecurity (N = 82 266). Weights were constructed using known population proportions (age, sex, race/ethnicity, region of residence, annual household income, and home ownership) from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey. RESULTS: About 37% of adults experienced discrimination in a medical setting. About 20% of adults who had not seen a doctor reported being food insecure compared with 14% of adults who regularly saw a doctor. CONCLUSIONS: Calibration using raking is cost-effective and may lead to more precise estimates when analyzing All of Us data.