@article{39808db688fe49a785966e3327047ec6,
title = "Unravelling innervation of pancreatic islets",
abstract = "The central and peripheral nervous systems play critical roles in regulating pancreatic islet function and glucose metabolism. Over the last century, in vitro and in vivo studies along with examination of human pancreas samples have revealed the structure of islet innervation, investigated the contribution of sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory neural pathways to glucose control, and begun to determine how the structure and function of pancreatic nerves are disrupted in metabolic disease. Now, state-of-the art techniques such as 3D imaging of pancreatic innervation and targeted in vivo neuromodulation provide further insights into the anatomy and physiological roles of islet innervation. Here, we provide a summary of the published work on the anatomy of pancreatic islet innervation, its roles, and evidence for disordered islet innervation in metabolic disease. Finally, we discuss the possibilities offered by new technologies to increase our knowledge of islet innervation and its contributions to metabolic regulation. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]",
keywords = "3D imaging, Innervation, Islet, Nerve, Neuromodulation, Pancreas, Parasympathetic, Review, Sensory, Sympathetic",
author = "Hampton, {Rollie F.} and Maria Jimenez-Gonzalez and Stanley, {Sarah A.}",
note = "Funding Information: RFH is supported by NIH grant F31DK129016. MJG is supported by the Naomi Berries Diabetes Center Russell Berrie Foundation Award. Work in the authors{\textquoteright} laboratories is supported by the American Diabetes Association Pathway to Stop Diabetes Grant ADA no. 1–17-ACE-31 and by grants from the NIH (R01NS097184, OT2OD024912 and R01DK124461), NSF (1930163) and Department of Defense (W81XWH-20-1-0345, W81XWH-20-1-0156). Funding Information: We would like to thank A. Alvarsson, R. Li and K. Devarakonda (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA) for their assistance with preparation of the manuscript. SAS is a named inventor of the intellectual property {\textquoteleft}Compositions and Methods to Modulate Cell Activity{\textquoteright} and is a co-founder of and has equity in the private company Redpin Therapeutics (preclinical stage gene therapy company developing neuromodulation technologies). The other authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work. All authors were responsible for drafting the article and revising it critically for important intellectual content. All authors approved the version to be published. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1007/s00125-022-05691-9",
language = "English",
volume = "65",
pages = "1069--1084",
journal = "Diabetologia",
issn = "0012-186X",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
number = "7",
}