Troubles développementaux de la coordination (TDC): Perspective clinique et synthèse de l'état des connaissances

Background: Impairments in fine motor skills and clumsiness are common in children and adolescents who are referred to child and adolescent psychiatrists. Here, we propose an overview of the current state of knowledge useful to the clinician faced with praxis disorders. Method: Developmental dyspraxia now match with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in DSM-5. We cover the clinical aspects of the disorder, including etiological and pathophysiological views. Results: Fine motor skill examination with occupational therapist and validated testing is the basis of positive diagnosis. Clinical manifestations of DCD are numerous as its etiological and pathophysiological bases. This may be explained by the impact of DCD on early affective development, learning acquisition and social interaction quality in children. The frequency of co-occurring disorders of DCD (such as visual-spatial impairments, attention deficit, depression, school refusal, etc.) argues for the need to apprehend them taking into account the overall functioning of the child and adolescent. This comprehensive approach is crucial in defining the principles of their care management that should include motor skill remediation as well as treatment of all comorbidities. Conclusion: DCD is common in child and adolescent psychiatric practice. It is often misdiagnosed because of prominent comorbidities and requires a multidisciplinary approach.