The prevalence and incidence of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Kirsten M. Fiest; Jodie I. Roberts; Colleen J. Maxwell; David B. Hogan; Eric E. Smith; Alexandra Frolkis; Adrienne Cohen; Andrew Kirk; Dawn Pearson; Tamara Pringsheim; Andres Venegas-Torres; Nathalie Jetté

doi:10.1017/cjn.2016.36

The prevalence and incidence of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Kirsten M. Fiest, Jodie I. Roberts, Colleen J. Maxwell, David B. Hogan, Eric E. Smith, Alexandra Frolkis, Adrienne Cohen, Andrew Kirk, Dawn Pearson, Tamara Pringsheim, Andres Venegas-Torres, Nathalie Jetté

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

164 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Updated information on the epidemiology of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is needed to ensure that adequate resources are available to meet current and future healthcare needs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence and prevalence of AD. Methods: The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from 1985 to 2012, as well as the reference lists of selected articles. Included articles had to provide an original population-based estimate for the incidence and/or prevalence of AD. Two individuals independently performed abstract and full-text reviews, data extraction and quality assessments. Random-effects models were employed to generate pooled estimates stratified by age, sex, diagnostic criteria, location (i.e., continent) and time (i.e., when the study was done). Results: Of 16,066 abstracts screened, 707 articles were selected for full-text review. A total of 119 studies met the inclusion criteria. In community settings, the overall point prevalence of dementia due to AD among individuals 60+ was 40.2 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 29.1-55.6), and pooled annual period prevalence was 30.4 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 15.6-59.1). In community settings, the overall pooled annual incidence proportion of dementia due to AD among individuals 60+ was 34.1 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 16.4-70.9), and the incidence rate was 15.8 per 1000 person-years (CI95%: 12.9-19.4). Estimates varied significantly with age, diagnostic criteria used and location (i.e., continent). Conclusions: The burden of AD dementia is substantial. Significant gaps in our understanding of its epidemiology were identified, even in a high-income country such as Canada. Future studies should assess the impact of using such newer clinical diagnostic criteria for AD dementia such as those of the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association and/or incorporate validated biomarkers to confirm the presence of Alzheimer pathology to produce more precise estimates of the global burden of AD.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	S51-S82
Journal	Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences
Volume	43
Issue number	S1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2016.36
State	Published - 1 Apr 2016
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Alzheimer's
Dementia
Meta-analysis
Systematic review

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10.1017/cjn.2016.36

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Fiest, K. M., Roberts, J. I., Maxwell, C. J., Hogan, D. B., Smith, E. E., Frolkis, A., Cohen, A., Kirk, A., Pearson, D., Pringsheim, T., Venegas-Torres, A., & Jetté, N. (2016). The prevalence and incidence of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 43(S1), S51-S82. https://doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2016.36

@article{3f4f326db69540128b23ff1e8305df58,

title = "The prevalence and incidence of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis",

abstract = "Background: Updated information on the epidemiology of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is needed to ensure that adequate resources are available to meet current and future healthcare needs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence and prevalence of AD. Methods: The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from 1985 to 2012, as well as the reference lists of selected articles. Included articles had to provide an original population-based estimate for the incidence and/or prevalence of AD. Two individuals independently performed abstract and full-text reviews, data extraction and quality assessments. Random-effects models were employed to generate pooled estimates stratified by age, sex, diagnostic criteria, location (i.e., continent) and time (i.e., when the study was done). Results: Of 16,066 abstracts screened, 707 articles were selected for full-text review. A total of 119 studies met the inclusion criteria. In community settings, the overall point prevalence of dementia due to AD among individuals 60+ was 40.2 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 29.1-55.6), and pooled annual period prevalence was 30.4 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 15.6-59.1). In community settings, the overall pooled annual incidence proportion of dementia due to AD among individuals 60+ was 34.1 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 16.4-70.9), and the incidence rate was 15.8 per 1000 person-years (CI95%: 12.9-19.4). Estimates varied significantly with age, diagnostic criteria used and location (i.e., continent). Conclusions: The burden of AD dementia is substantial. Significant gaps in our understanding of its epidemiology were identified, even in a high-income country such as Canada. Future studies should assess the impact of using such newer clinical diagnostic criteria for AD dementia such as those of the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association and/or incorporate validated biomarkers to confirm the presence of Alzheimer pathology to produce more precise estimates of the global burden of AD.",

keywords = "Alzheimer's, Dementia, Meta-analysis, Systematic review",

author = "Fiest, {Kirsten M.} and Roberts, {Jodie I.} and Maxwell, {Colleen J.} and Hogan, {David B.} and Smith, {Eric E.} and Alexandra Frolkis and Adrienne Cohen and Andrew Kirk and Dawn Pearson and Tamara Pringsheim and Andres Venegas-Torres and Nathalie Jett{\'e}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences Inc. 2016.",

year = "2016",

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doi = "10.1017/cjn.2016.36",

language = "English",

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Fiest, KM, Roberts, JI, Maxwell, CJ, Hogan, DB, Smith, EE, Frolkis, A, Cohen, A, Kirk, A, Pearson, D, Pringsheim, T, Venegas-Torres, A & Jetté, N 2016, 'The prevalence and incidence of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis', Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, vol. 43, no. S1, pp. S51-S82. https://doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2016.36

TY - JOUR

T1 - The prevalence and incidence of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease

T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis

AU - Fiest, Kirsten M.

AU - Roberts, Jodie I.

AU - Maxwell, Colleen J.

AU - Hogan, David B.

AU - Smith, Eric E.

AU - Frolkis, Alexandra

AU - Cohen, Adrienne

AU - Kirk, Andrew

AU - Pearson, Dawn

AU - Pringsheim, Tamara

AU - Venegas-Torres, Andres

AU - Jetté, Nathalie

PY - 2016/4/1

Y1 - 2016/4/1

N2 - Background: Updated information on the epidemiology of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is needed to ensure that adequate resources are available to meet current and future healthcare needs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence and prevalence of AD. Methods: The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from 1985 to 2012, as well as the reference lists of selected articles. Included articles had to provide an original population-based estimate for the incidence and/or prevalence of AD. Two individuals independently performed abstract and full-text reviews, data extraction and quality assessments. Random-effects models were employed to generate pooled estimates stratified by age, sex, diagnostic criteria, location (i.e., continent) and time (i.e., when the study was done). Results: Of 16,066 abstracts screened, 707 articles were selected for full-text review. A total of 119 studies met the inclusion criteria. In community settings, the overall point prevalence of dementia due to AD among individuals 60+ was 40.2 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 29.1-55.6), and pooled annual period prevalence was 30.4 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 15.6-59.1). In community settings, the overall pooled annual incidence proportion of dementia due to AD among individuals 60+ was 34.1 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 16.4-70.9), and the incidence rate was 15.8 per 1000 person-years (CI95%: 12.9-19.4). Estimates varied significantly with age, diagnostic criteria used and location (i.e., continent). Conclusions: The burden of AD dementia is substantial. Significant gaps in our understanding of its epidemiology were identified, even in a high-income country such as Canada. Future studies should assess the impact of using such newer clinical diagnostic criteria for AD dementia such as those of the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association and/or incorporate validated biomarkers to confirm the presence of Alzheimer pathology to produce more precise estimates of the global burden of AD.

AB - Background: Updated information on the epidemiology of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is needed to ensure that adequate resources are available to meet current and future healthcare needs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence and prevalence of AD. Methods: The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from 1985 to 2012, as well as the reference lists of selected articles. Included articles had to provide an original population-based estimate for the incidence and/or prevalence of AD. Two individuals independently performed abstract and full-text reviews, data extraction and quality assessments. Random-effects models were employed to generate pooled estimates stratified by age, sex, diagnostic criteria, location (i.e., continent) and time (i.e., when the study was done). Results: Of 16,066 abstracts screened, 707 articles were selected for full-text review. A total of 119 studies met the inclusion criteria. In community settings, the overall point prevalence of dementia due to AD among individuals 60+ was 40.2 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 29.1-55.6), and pooled annual period prevalence was 30.4 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 15.6-59.1). In community settings, the overall pooled annual incidence proportion of dementia due to AD among individuals 60+ was 34.1 per 1000 persons (CI95%: 16.4-70.9), and the incidence rate was 15.8 per 1000 person-years (CI95%: 12.9-19.4). Estimates varied significantly with age, diagnostic criteria used and location (i.e., continent). Conclusions: The burden of AD dementia is substantial. Significant gaps in our understanding of its epidemiology were identified, even in a high-income country such as Canada. Future studies should assess the impact of using such newer clinical diagnostic criteria for AD dementia such as those of the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association and/or incorporate validated biomarkers to confirm the presence of Alzheimer pathology to produce more precise estimates of the global burden of AD.

KW - Alzheimer's

KW - Dementia

KW - Meta-analysis

KW - Systematic review

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U2 - 10.1017/cjn.2016.36

DO - 10.1017/cjn.2016.36

M3 - Review article

C2 - 27307128

AN - SCOPUS:84975515095

SN - 0317-1671

VL - 43

SP - S51-S82

JO - Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences

JF - Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences

IS - S1

ER -

The prevalence and incidence of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Keywords

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