TY - JOUR
T1 - The landscape of precision cancer medicine clinical trials in the United States
AU - Roper, Nitin
AU - Stensland, Kristian D.
AU - Hendricks, Ryan
AU - Galsky, Matthew D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/5
Y1 - 2015/5
N2 - Purpose: Advances in tumor biology and multiplex genomic analysis have ushered in the era of precision cancer medicine. Little is currently known, however, about the landscape of prospective "precision cancer medicine" clinical trials in the U.S. Methods: We identified all adult interventional cancer trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov between September 2005 and May 2013. Trials were classified as "precision cancer medicine" if a genomic alteration in a predefined set of 88 genes was required for enrollment. Baseline characteristics were ascertained for each trial. Results: Of the initial 18,797 trials identified, 9094 (48%) were eligible for inclusion: 684 (8%) were classified as precision cancer medicine trials and 8410 (92%) were non-precision cancer medicine trials. Compared with non-precision cancer medicine trials, precision cancer medicine trials were significantly more likely to be phase II [RR 1.19 (1.10-1.29), p< 0.001], multi-center [RR 1.18 (1.11-1.26), p< 0.001], open-label [RR 1.04 (1.02-1.07), p= 0.005] and involve breast [RR 4.03 (3.49-4.52), p< 0.001], colorectal [RR 1.62 (1.22-2.14), p= 0.002] and skin [RR 1.98 (1.55-2.54), p< 0.001] cancers. Precision medicine trials required 38 unique genomic alterations for enrollment. The proportion of precision cancer medicine trials compared to the total number of trials increased from 3% in 2006 to 16% in 2013. Conclusion: The proportion of adult cancer clinical trials in the U.S. requiring a genomic alteration for enrollment has increased substantially over the past several years. However, such trials still represent a small minority of studies performed within the cancer clinical trials enterprise and include a small subset of putatively "actionable" alterations.
AB - Purpose: Advances in tumor biology and multiplex genomic analysis have ushered in the era of precision cancer medicine. Little is currently known, however, about the landscape of prospective "precision cancer medicine" clinical trials in the U.S. Methods: We identified all adult interventional cancer trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov between September 2005 and May 2013. Trials were classified as "precision cancer medicine" if a genomic alteration in a predefined set of 88 genes was required for enrollment. Baseline characteristics were ascertained for each trial. Results: Of the initial 18,797 trials identified, 9094 (48%) were eligible for inclusion: 684 (8%) were classified as precision cancer medicine trials and 8410 (92%) were non-precision cancer medicine trials. Compared with non-precision cancer medicine trials, precision cancer medicine trials were significantly more likely to be phase II [RR 1.19 (1.10-1.29), p< 0.001], multi-center [RR 1.18 (1.11-1.26), p< 0.001], open-label [RR 1.04 (1.02-1.07), p= 0.005] and involve breast [RR 4.03 (3.49-4.52), p< 0.001], colorectal [RR 1.62 (1.22-2.14), p= 0.002] and skin [RR 1.98 (1.55-2.54), p< 0.001] cancers. Precision medicine trials required 38 unique genomic alterations for enrollment. The proportion of precision cancer medicine trials compared to the total number of trials increased from 3% in 2006 to 16% in 2013. Conclusion: The proportion of adult cancer clinical trials in the U.S. requiring a genomic alteration for enrollment has increased substantially over the past several years. However, such trials still represent a small minority of studies performed within the cancer clinical trials enterprise and include a small subset of putatively "actionable" alterations.
KW - Actionable mutations
KW - Clinical trials
KW - Clinicaltrials.gov
KW - Genomics
KW - Precision cancer medicine
KW - Precision medicine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84937511297&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.02.009
DO - 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.02.009
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25864024
AN - SCOPUS:84937511297
SN - 0305-7372
VL - 41
SP - 385
EP - 390
JO - Cancer Treatment Reviews
JF - Cancer Treatment Reviews
IS - 5
ER -