TY - JOUR
T1 - The factor structure and validity of a diagnostic interview for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in a sample of children, adolescents, and young adults
AU - Cooper-Vince, Christine E.
AU - Nwaka, Chika
AU - Eddy, Kamryn T.
AU - Misra, Madhusmita
AU - Hadaway, Natalia A.
AU - Becker, Kendra R.
AU - Lawson, Elizabeth A.
AU - Cooke, Lucy
AU - Bryant-Waugh, Rachel
AU - Thomas, Jennifer J.
AU - Micali, Nadia
N1 - Funding Information:
European Union Horizon 2020, Grant/Award Number: Marie Skłodowska‐Curie grant No 892437; National Institute of Mental Health, Grant/Award Numbers: K24 MH120568, R01 MH108595 Funding information
Funding Information:
Evidence for the construct and criterion validity of the dimensional symptom subscales was also partially supported. Specifically, participants with a diagnosis of ARFID and subthreshold ARFID experienced higher scores all three subscales (i.e., concern about aversive consequences, low appetite/low‐interest and sensory sensitivity), relative to control participants. These findings suggest that these subscales are measuring clinically relevant symptoms of ARFID and may be sensitive to subthreshold as well as full presentations, though further research is needed in a larger sample. The construct validity of each subscale was partially supported by correlations with self‐report measures of theoretically associated constructs of interest. Specifically, a self‐report of anxiety significantly correlated with the concern about aversive consequences subscale, but not the low‐appetite/low‐interest or sensory sensitivity subscale. Similarly, self‐reports of sensory threshold correlated with only the sensory sensitivity subscale of the PARDI, and not the other two subscales. Further, self‐reports of satiety responsiveness and enjoyment of food significantly correlated in the expected direction with the low‐appetite/low‐interest subscale of the PARDI. However, self‐reports of satiety responsiveness and eating speed also significantly correlated with the concern about aversive consequences subscale of the PARDI to a lesser degree. It is possible that the concern about aversive consequences subscale of the PARDI may be sensitive to increased monitoring of bodily responses and slower intake during eating. These findings partially support the convergent and divergent validity of the three PARDI symptom subscales and suggest that further work is needed in a larger sample to further clarify the constructs assessed via the concern about aversive consequences subscale.
Funding Information:
This project and Jennifer J Thomas's, Elizabeth A. Lawson's, and Nadia Micali's time was supported by NIH R01 MH108595. Elizabeth A. Lawson's time was also supported by K24 MH120568. Christine Cooper-Vince's time was supported by funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 892437. Open access funding provided by Universite de Geneve.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Eating Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - Objective: There is a paucity of validated diagnostic interviews for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) to aid identification and classification of cases for both clinical and research purposes. To evaluate the factor structure, construct validity, and criterion validity of the Pica ARFID and Rumination Disorder Interview (PARDI; ARFID module), we administered the PARDI to 129 children and adolescents ages 9–23 years (M = 16.1) with ARFID (n = 84), subclinical ARFID (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 34). Method: We used exploratory factor analysis to examine the factor structure of the PARDI in children, adolescents, and young adults with an ARFID diagnosis, the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and Spearman correlations to test the construct validity of the measure, and non-parametric receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate the criterion validity of the PARDI. Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 3-factor structure: (1) concern about aversive consequences of eating, (2) low appetite/low interest in food, and (3) sensory sensitivity. Participants with ARFID demonstrated significantly higher levels of sensory sensitivity, low appetite/low-food interest, and concern about aversive consequences of eating symptoms relative to control participants. The construct validity for each PARDI subscale was supported and clinical cutoffs for the low appetite/low interest in food (1.1) and sensory sensitivity subscales (0.6) were established. Discussion: These data present evidence for the factor structure and validity of the PARDI diagnostic interview for diagnosing ARFID in children, adolescents, and young adults, supporting the use of this tool to facilitate ARFID clinical assessment and research. Public Significance: Due to the paucity of validated diagnostic interviews for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), we evaluated the factor structure and validity of the Pica ARFID and Rumination Disorder Interview (ARFID module). Findings suggest that the interview assesses 3 components of ARFID: concern about aversive consequences of eating, low-appetite, and sensory sensitivity, and that clinical threshold scores on the latter two subscales can be used to advance ARFID assessment.
AB - Objective: There is a paucity of validated diagnostic interviews for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) to aid identification and classification of cases for both clinical and research purposes. To evaluate the factor structure, construct validity, and criterion validity of the Pica ARFID and Rumination Disorder Interview (PARDI; ARFID module), we administered the PARDI to 129 children and adolescents ages 9–23 years (M = 16.1) with ARFID (n = 84), subclinical ARFID (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 34). Method: We used exploratory factor analysis to examine the factor structure of the PARDI in children, adolescents, and young adults with an ARFID diagnosis, the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and Spearman correlations to test the construct validity of the measure, and non-parametric receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate the criterion validity of the PARDI. Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 3-factor structure: (1) concern about aversive consequences of eating, (2) low appetite/low interest in food, and (3) sensory sensitivity. Participants with ARFID demonstrated significantly higher levels of sensory sensitivity, low appetite/low-food interest, and concern about aversive consequences of eating symptoms relative to control participants. The construct validity for each PARDI subscale was supported and clinical cutoffs for the low appetite/low interest in food (1.1) and sensory sensitivity subscales (0.6) were established. Discussion: These data present evidence for the factor structure and validity of the PARDI diagnostic interview for diagnosing ARFID in children, adolescents, and young adults, supporting the use of this tool to facilitate ARFID clinical assessment and research. Public Significance: Due to the paucity of validated diagnostic interviews for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), we evaluated the factor structure and validity of the Pica ARFID and Rumination Disorder Interview (ARFID module). Findings suggest that the interview assesses 3 components of ARFID: concern about aversive consequences of eating, low-appetite, and sensory sensitivity, and that clinical threshold scores on the latter two subscales can be used to advance ARFID assessment.
KW - Pica
KW - assessment
KW - avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
KW - diagnosis
KW - factor analysis
KW - feeding and eating disorders
KW - receiver operating characteristic
KW - rumination disorder interview
KW - youth
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136972841&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/eat.23792
DO - 10.1002/eat.23792
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85136972841
SN - 0276-3478
VL - 55
SP - 1575
EP - 1588
JO - International Journal of Eating Disorders
JF - International Journal of Eating Disorders
IS - 11
ER -