The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Joseph Finkelstein; Xingyue Huo

doi:10.3233/SHTI230489

The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Joseph Finkelstein
, Xingyue Huo

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

The use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 remains controversial due to the insufficient supporting evidence and clinical studies indicating that it does not reduce COVID-19 mortality. Its potential protective effects against SARS-CoV-2 are still unclear. Big data resources, such as MarketScan database containing over 30 million insured participants annually, have not been used systematically to assess the association between long-term HCQ use and the risk of COVID-19. This retrospective study aimed to determine the protective effect of HCQ using the MarketScan database. We examined COVID-19 incidence from January to September 2020 among adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis who had received HCQ for at least 10 months in 2019 compared to those who did not. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding variables and make the HCQ and non-HCQ groups comparable in this study. After matching at the ratio of 1:2, the analytical dataset comprised 13,932 patients who received HCQ for over 10 months and 27,754 HCQ-naïve patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed that long-term HCQ use was associated with a lower likelihood of COVID-19 in patients who had been receiving HCQ for over 10 months (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.69-0.88). These findings suggest that long-term HCQ use may provide protection against COVID-19.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Healthcare Transformation with Informatics and Artificial Intelligence
Editors	John Mantas, Parisis Gallos, Emmanouil Zoulias, Arie Hasman, Mowafa S. Househ, Martha Charalampidou, Andriana Magdalinou
Publisher	IOS Press BV
Pages	303-306
Number of pages	4
ISBN (Electronic)	9781643684000
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI230489
State	Published - 29 Jun 2023
Externally published	Yes
Event	21st International Conference on Informatics, Management, and Technology in Healthcare, ICIMTH 2023 - Athens, Greece Duration: 1 Jul 2023 → 3 Jul 2023

Publication series

Name	Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
Volume	305
ISSN (Print)	0926-9630
ISSN (Electronic)	1879-8365

Conference

Conference	21st International Conference on Informatics, Management, and Technology in Healthcare, ICIMTH 2023
Country/Territory	Greece
City	Athens
Period	1/07/23 → 3/07/23

Keywords

COVID-19
Hydroxychloroquine
big data

Access to Document

10.3233/SHTI230489

Cite this

Finkelstein, J., & Huo, X. (2023). The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. In J. Mantas, P. Gallos, E. Zoulias, A. Hasman, M. S. Househ, M. Charalampidou, & A. Magdalinou (Eds.), Healthcare Transformation with Informatics and Artificial Intelligence (pp. 303-306). (Studies in Health Technology and Informatics; Vol. 305). IOS Press BV. https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI230489

Finkelstein, Joseph ; Huo, Xingyue. / The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19 : A Retrospective Cohort Study. Healthcare Transformation with Informatics and Artificial Intelligence. editor / John Mantas ; Parisis Gallos ; Emmanouil Zoulias ; Arie Hasman ; Mowafa S. Househ ; Martha Charalampidou ; Andriana Magdalinou. IOS Press BV, 2023. pp. 303-306 (Studies in Health Technology and Informatics).

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abstract = "The use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 remains controversial due to the insufficient supporting evidence and clinical studies indicating that it does not reduce COVID-19 mortality. Its potential protective effects against SARS-CoV-2 are still unclear. Big data resources, such as MarketScan database containing over 30 million insured participants annually, have not been used systematically to assess the association between long-term HCQ use and the risk of COVID-19. This retrospective study aimed to determine the protective effect of HCQ using the MarketScan database. We examined COVID-19 incidence from January to September 2020 among adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis who had received HCQ for at least 10 months in 2019 compared to those who did not. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding variables and make the HCQ and non-HCQ groups comparable in this study. After matching at the ratio of 1:2, the analytical dataset comprised 13,932 patients who received HCQ for over 10 months and 27,754 HCQ-na{\"i}ve patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed that long-term HCQ use was associated with a lower likelihood of COVID-19 in patients who had been receiving HCQ for over 10 months (OR=0.78, 95\% CI: 0.69-0.88). These findings suggest that long-term HCQ use may provide protection against COVID-19.",

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Finkelstein, J & Huo, X 2023, The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. in J Mantas, P Gallos, E Zoulias, A Hasman, MS Househ, M Charalampidou & A Magdalinou (eds), Healthcare Transformation with Informatics and Artificial Intelligence. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, vol. 305, IOS Press BV, pp. 303-306, 21st International Conference on Informatics, Management, and Technology in Healthcare, ICIMTH 2023, Athens, Greece, 1/07/23. https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI230489

The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. / Finkelstein, Joseph; Huo, Xingyue.
Healthcare Transformation with Informatics and Artificial Intelligence. ed. / John Mantas; Parisis Gallos; Emmanouil Zoulias; Arie Hasman; Mowafa S. Househ; Martha Charalampidou; Andriana Magdalinou. IOS Press BV, 2023. p. 303-306 (Studies in Health Technology and Informatics; Vol. 305).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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T1 - The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19

T2 - 21st International Conference on Informatics, Management, and Technology in Healthcare, ICIMTH 2023

AU - Finkelstein, Joseph

AU - Huo, Xingyue

PY - 2023/6/29

Y1 - 2023/6/29

N2 - The use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 remains controversial due to the insufficient supporting evidence and clinical studies indicating that it does not reduce COVID-19 mortality. Its potential protective effects against SARS-CoV-2 are still unclear. Big data resources, such as MarketScan database containing over 30 million insured participants annually, have not been used systematically to assess the association between long-term HCQ use and the risk of COVID-19. This retrospective study aimed to determine the protective effect of HCQ using the MarketScan database. We examined COVID-19 incidence from January to September 2020 among adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis who had received HCQ for at least 10 months in 2019 compared to those who did not. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding variables and make the HCQ and non-HCQ groups comparable in this study. After matching at the ratio of 1:2, the analytical dataset comprised 13,932 patients who received HCQ for over 10 months and 27,754 HCQ-naïve patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed that long-term HCQ use was associated with a lower likelihood of COVID-19 in patients who had been receiving HCQ for over 10 months (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.69-0.88). These findings suggest that long-term HCQ use may provide protection against COVID-19.

AB - The use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 remains controversial due to the insufficient supporting evidence and clinical studies indicating that it does not reduce COVID-19 mortality. Its potential protective effects against SARS-CoV-2 are still unclear. Big data resources, such as MarketScan database containing over 30 million insured participants annually, have not been used systematically to assess the association between long-term HCQ use and the risk of COVID-19. This retrospective study aimed to determine the protective effect of HCQ using the MarketScan database. We examined COVID-19 incidence from January to September 2020 among adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis who had received HCQ for at least 10 months in 2019 compared to those who did not. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding variables and make the HCQ and non-HCQ groups comparable in this study. After matching at the ratio of 1:2, the analytical dataset comprised 13,932 patients who received HCQ for over 10 months and 27,754 HCQ-naïve patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed that long-term HCQ use was associated with a lower likelihood of COVID-19 in patients who had been receiving HCQ for over 10 months (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.69-0.88). These findings suggest that long-term HCQ use may provide protection against COVID-19.

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Finkelstein J, Huo X. The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. In Mantas J, Gallos P, Zoulias E, Hasman A, Househ MS, Charalampidou M, Magdalinou A, editors, Healthcare Transformation with Informatics and Artificial Intelligence. IOS Press BV. 2023. p. 303-306. (Studies in Health Technology and Informatics). doi: 10.3233/SHTI230489

The Efficacy of Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine Use in the Prevention of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Publication series

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Keywords

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