The effect of temperature, mean arterial pressure, and cardiopulmonary bypass flows on somatosensory evoked potential latency in man

Median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded in 21 patients undergoing cardiac surgical procedures utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass, in order to establish the effects of hypothermia, reductions in mean arterial pressure, and alterations in cardiopulmonary bypass flows on evoked potential latency. Induction and maintenance of anesthesia with fentanyl caused a significant prolongation of latency of the first cortical peak. Temperature changes were linearly correlated with changes in latency for peaks recorded from Erb's point (r = -0.843, p<0.01) and the contralateral cortex (r = 0.843, p<0.01). There was no significant effect of mean arterial pressure or cardiopulmonary bypass flow reductions on latencies under the conditions of this study. Our results emphasize the importance of monitoring peripheral and first cortical peak latencies in evaluating somatosensory evoked potentials. It is suggested that peak latency prolongations beyond those predicted by temperature alterations may be indicative of hypoperfusion.