TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of diluted penetration enhancer in nebulized mist versus liquid drop preparation forms on retrobulbar blood flow in healthy human subjects
AU - Primus, Sally
AU - Januleviciene, Ingrida
AU - Siesky, Brent
AU - Gerber, Austin
AU - Egan, Patrick
AU - Amireskandari, Annahita
AU - Siaudvytyte, Lina
AU - Barsauskaite, Ruta
AU - Harris, Alon
PY - 2012/9
Y1 - 2012/9
N2 - The aim of this study was to compare the effects of nebulized mist and liquid drop applications on retrobulbar blood flow. A prospective, non-randomized clinical trial was used to collect data from 40 healthy human eyes. Color Doppler Imaging determined peak systolic (PSV) and end diastolic (EDV) blood flow velocities and resistance index (RI) in the ophthalmic artery after both applications. Measurements were taken at baseline and at 1 min post-treatment in both eyes with 5 min measurements in the treatment eye only. p values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Mist application to treatment eye produced an increase in 1 min and 5 min PSV and EDV (0.001 < p < 0.03) and a decrease in 5 min RI (p = 0.01), with no significant changes in PSV, EDV or RI of control eye or in treatment eye 1 min RI (p > 0.05). Drop application to treatment eye produced an increase in PSV (p < 0.001) and EDV (p = 0.01) at 1 min, with an increase in control eye 1 min PSV and EDV (p = 0.03). There were no statistically significant changes in treatment eye PSV, EDV and RI after 5 min (p > 0.05). The use of nebulized mist may provide an effective alternative to liquid drop medication application.
AB - The aim of this study was to compare the effects of nebulized mist and liquid drop applications on retrobulbar blood flow. A prospective, non-randomized clinical trial was used to collect data from 40 healthy human eyes. Color Doppler Imaging determined peak systolic (PSV) and end diastolic (EDV) blood flow velocities and resistance index (RI) in the ophthalmic artery after both applications. Measurements were taken at baseline and at 1 min post-treatment in both eyes with 5 min measurements in the treatment eye only. p values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Mist application to treatment eye produced an increase in 1 min and 5 min PSV and EDV (0.001 < p < 0.03) and a decrease in 5 min RI (p = 0.01), with no significant changes in PSV, EDV or RI of control eye or in treatment eye 1 min RI (p > 0.05). Drop application to treatment eye produced an increase in PSV (p < 0.001) and EDV (p = 0.01) at 1 min, with an increase in control eye 1 min PSV and EDV (p = 0.03). There were no statistically significant changes in treatment eye PSV, EDV and RI after 5 min (p > 0.05). The use of nebulized mist may provide an effective alternative to liquid drop medication application.
KW - Color Doppler imaging
KW - Nebulized mist
KW - Retrobulbar blood flow
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84865068920&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/pharmaceutics4030377
DO - 10.3390/pharmaceutics4030377
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84865068920
SN - 1999-4923
VL - 4
SP - 377
EP - 384
JO - Pharmaceutics
JF - Pharmaceutics
IS - 3
ER -