TY - JOUR
T1 - The Challenge Posed to Children's Health by Mixtures of Toxic Waste
T2 - The Tar Creek Superfund Site as a Case-Study
AU - Hu, Howard
AU - Shine, James
AU - Wright, Robert O.
N1 - Funding Information:
At the TCSS, one of the nation's largest such sites, more than 40,000 residents live in a 50-square-mile area filled with mining waste containing lead, manganese, cadmium, and other potentially toxic metals. The TCSS has been the subject of two major on-going studies undertaken by the authors and colleagues with support from the Superfund Basic Research Program and the Center for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research at the Harvard School of Public Health. The TCSS serves as an example to discuss issues related to the multiple pathways through which toxic waste mixtures may gain access to the immediate environment of children (or fetuses), factors that may influence absorption of mixtures once ingested or inhaled, the vulnerability of children's developing organs to mixtures, lessons for clinicians, and research needs.
Funding Information:
The work for this publication was made possible by grant number P42-ES05947 and P01 ES012874 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH and from a STAR Research Assistance Agreement No. RD-83172501 awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has not been formally reviewed by either the NIEHS or EPA. The views expressed in this document are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of either the NIEHS or the EPA. Neither NIEHS nor the EPA endorses any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication.
PY - 2007/2
Y1 - 2007/2
N2 - In the United States, many of the millions of tons of hazardous wastes that have been produced since World War II have accumulated in sites throughout the nation. Citizen concern about the extent of this problem led Congress to establish the Superfund Program in 1980 to locate, investigate, and clean up the worst sites nationwide. Most such waste exists as a complex mixture of many substances. This article discusses the issue of toxic mixtures and children's health by focusing on the specific example of mining waste at the Tar Creek Superfund Site in Northeast Oklahoma.
AB - In the United States, many of the millions of tons of hazardous wastes that have been produced since World War II have accumulated in sites throughout the nation. Citizen concern about the extent of this problem led Congress to establish the Superfund Program in 1980 to locate, investigate, and clean up the worst sites nationwide. Most such waste exists as a complex mixture of many substances. This article discusses the issue of toxic mixtures and children's health by focusing on the specific example of mining waste at the Tar Creek Superfund Site in Northeast Oklahoma.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33846977429&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pcl.2006.11.009
DO - 10.1016/j.pcl.2006.11.009
M3 - Review article
C2 - 17306689
AN - SCOPUS:33846977429
SN - 0031-3955
VL - 54
SP - 155
EP - 175
JO - Pediatric Clinics of North America
JF - Pediatric Clinics of North America
IS - 1
ER -