The beneficial effects of HDL-C on atherosclerosis: Rationale and clinical results

Population studies have consistently demonstrated an inverse association between HDL-C and the risk of coronary heart disease. As a result, HDL-C is gaining increasing interest as a therapeutic target. In this article, we review the mechanism of action for the postulated antiatherogenic effect of HDL-C and how current and future therapies can exploit this beneficial activity. The clinical evidence supporting various interventions to raise HDL-C, from lifestyle modifications to established drugs (e.g., niacin and fibrates) is reviewed. Finally, we discuss new and promising approaches to enhance HDL-C.