@article{c7027311448349ed849b09627342a3db,
title = "The 2021 WHO Classification of Lung Tumors: Impact of Advances Since 2015",
abstract = "The 2021 WHO Classification of Thoracic Tumours was published earlier this year, with classification of lung tumors being one of the chapters. The principles remain those of using morphology first, supported by immunohistochemistry, and then molecular techniques. In 2015, there was particular emphasis on using immunohistochemistry to make classification more accurate. In 2021, there is greater emphasis throughout the book on advances in molecular pathology across all tumor types. Major features within this edition are (1) broader emphasis on genetic testing than in the 2015 WHO Classification; (2) a section entirely dedicated to the classification of small diagnostic samples; (3) continued recommendation to document percentages of histologic patterns in invasive nonmucinous adenocarcinomas, with utilization of these features to apply a formal grading system, and using only invasive size for T-factor size determination in part lepidic nonmucinous lung adenocarcinomas as recommended by the eighth edition TNM classification; (4) recognition of spread through airspaces as a histologic feature with prognostic significance; (5) moving lymphoepithelial carcinoma to squamous cell carcinomas; (6) update on evolving concepts in lung neuroendocrine neoplasm classification; (7) recognition of bronchiolar adenoma/ciliated muconodular papillary tumor as a new entity within the adenoma subgroup; (8) recognition of thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor; and (9) inclusion of essential and desirable diagnostic criteria for each tumor.",
keywords = "Adenocarcinoma, Cancer, Immunohistochemistry, Lung, Molecular pathology, Pathology, Squamous cell carcinoma",
author = "Nicholson, {Andrew G.} and Tsao, {Ming S.} and Beasley, {Mary Beth} and Borczuk, {Alain C.} and Elisabeth Brambilla and Cooper, {Wendy A.} and Sanja Dacic and Deepali Jain and Kerr, {Keith M.} and Sylvie Lantuejoul and Masayuki Noguchi and Mauro Papotti and Natasha Rekhtman and Giorgio Scagliotti and {van Schil}, Paul and Lynette Sholl and Yasushi Yatabe and Akihiko Yoshida and Travis, {William D.}",
note = "Funding Information: Disclosure: Dr. Nicholson reports receiving personal fees from Merck, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, AstraZeneca, AbbVie, Oncologica, Takeda UK, UptoDate, European Society of Oncology, and Liberum and grants and personal fees from Pfizer, outside of the submitted work. Dr. Tsao reports receiving grants and personal fees from AstraZeneca and Bayer and personal fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb and Amgen, outside of the submitted work. Dr. Cooper reports serving on the advisory boards for Amgen, AstraZeneca, and Takeda without compensation. Dr. Dacic reports receiving personal fees from AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Takeda outside of the submitted work. Dr. Papotti reports receiving personal fees from Pfizer, Eli Lilly, and AAA/Novartis, outside of the submitted work. Dr. Scagliotti reports receiving personal fees from AstraZeneca, Roche, Johnson & Johnson, Takeda, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Pfizer and other fees from BeiGene, AstraZeneca, and Verastem, outside of the submitted work. Dr. Van Schil reports receiving other fees from the National Cancer Institute (France), AstraZeneca, and Merck Sharp & Dohme, outside of the submitted work. Dr. Yatabe reports receiving personal fees from ArcherDx, Chugai Pharma, Merck Sharp & Dohme, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Roche/Ventana, Agilent/Dako, Thermo Fisher Science, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Amgen, Sysmex, Takeda, and Daiichi Sankyo, outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interests. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",
year = "2022",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1016/j.jtho.2021.11.003",
language = "English",
volume = "17",
pages = "362--387",
journal = "Journal of Thoracic Oncology",
issn = "1556-0864",
publisher = "International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer",
number = "3",
}