Targeting protein kinase CK2 and CDK4/6 pathways with a multi-kinase inhibitor ON108110 suppresses pro-survival signaling and growth in mantle cell lymphoma and T-Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Overexpression and constitutive activation of CYCLIN D1 and Casein Kinase 2 are common features of many hematologic malignancies, including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and leukemias such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Although both CK2 and CDK4 inhibitors have shown promising results against these tumor types, none of these agents have achieved objective responses in the clinic as monotherapies. Because both proteins play key roles in these and other hematological malignancies, we have analyzed the therapeutic potential of ON108110, a novel dual specificity ATP-competitive inhibitor of protein kinase CK2 as well as CDK4/6 in MCL and T-ALL. We show that in cell growth inhibition assays, MCL and T-ALL cell lines exhibited increased sensitivity to ON108110 when compared to other tumor types. Treatment with ON108110 reduced the level of phosphorylated RB-family proteins. In addition, ON108110 treatment resulted in concentration dependent inhibition of PTEN phosphorylation and a concomitant decrease in PI3K-AKT signaling mediated by CK2. Accordingly, cells treated with ON108110 rapidly accumulated in the G₀/G₁ stage of the cell cycle as a function of increasing concentration followed by rapid onset of apoptosis. Together, these results indicate that dual inhibition of CK2 and CDK4/6 may be an efficient treatment of MCL and T-ALLs displaying upregulation of CK2/PI3K and CDK4 signaling pathways.