Sagnac effect observation in flat and curved spacetime by interference of the opposite topological charge optical vortices

A new interference approach for the Sagnac effect observation is proposed. An interference of the opposite topological charge optical vortices (OVs) in flat and curved spacetime is discussed. We calculate the Sagnac time delay and phase shift for the helical metric in Minkowski spacetime. It is shown that the effective area for interference of the opposite topological charge OVs is proportional to the square of the helical beams propagation distance which leads to an unprecedented interferometer sensitivity. We modified corresponding solutions for the helical metric in the curved spacetime as well.