TY - JOUR
T1 - Review article
T2 - bacteriophages in gastroenterology—from biology to clinical applications
AU - Sabino, João
AU - Hirten, Robert P.
AU - Colombel, Jean Frederic
N1 - Funding Information:
Declaration of personal interests: JS has served as a speaker for Abbvie and Nestle Health Sciences. RPH has served as a speaker, consultant or advisory board member for Takeda and Janssen, and has received research funding from Intralytix, Inc and a Career Development Award from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation. JFC has served as a speaker, a consultant or advisory board member for AbbVie, Amgen, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Shire, Takeda, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene Corporation, Celltrion, Enterome, Genentech, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, Medimmune, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Sandoz, Second Genome, Seres Therapeutics, Theradiag and Theravance Biopharma, and has received research funding from AbbVie, Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Takeda. JFC owns stock options in Intestinal Biotech Development and Genfit.
Funding Information:
Declaration of personal interests : JS has served as a speaker for Abbvie and Nestle Health Sciences. RPH has served as a speaker, consultant or advisory board member for Takeda and Janssen, and has received research funding from Intralytix, Inc and a Career Development Award from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation. JFC has served as a speaker, a consultant or advisory board member for AbbVie, Amgen, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Shire, Takeda, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene Corporation, Celltrion, Enterome, Genentech, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, Medimmune, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Sandoz, Second Genome, Seres Therapeutics, Theradiag and Theravance Biopharma, and has received research funding from AbbVie, Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Takeda. JFC owns stock options in Intestinal Biotech Development and Genfit.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Background: The gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal diseases. Its composition and function are shaped by host-microbiota and intra-microbiota interactions. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that target bacteria and have the potential to modulate bacterial communities. Aims: To summarise phage biology and the clinical applications of phages in gastroenterology. Methods: PubMed was searched to identify relevant studies. Results: Phages induce bacterial cell lysis, integration of viral DNA into the bacteria and/or coexistence in a stable equilibrium. Bacteria and phages have co-evolved and their dynamic interactions are yet to be fully understood. The increasing need to modulate microbial communities (e.g., gut microbiota, multidrug-resistant bacteria) has been a strong stimulus for research in phages as an antibacterial therapy. In gastroenterology, phage therapy has been mainly studied in infectious diseases such as cholera. However, it is currently being explored in several other circumstances such as treating Clostridioides difficile colitis, targeting adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in Crohn's disease or eradicating Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer. Overall, phage therapy has a favourable and acceptable safety profile. Presently, trials with phage therapy are ongoing in Crohn's disease. Conclusions: Phage therapy is a promising therapeutic tool against pathogenic bacteria in the fields of infectious diseases and gastroenterology. Randomised, placebo-controlled trials with phage therapy for gastroenterological diseases are ongoing.
AB - Background: The gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal diseases. Its composition and function are shaped by host-microbiota and intra-microbiota interactions. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that target bacteria and have the potential to modulate bacterial communities. Aims: To summarise phage biology and the clinical applications of phages in gastroenterology. Methods: PubMed was searched to identify relevant studies. Results: Phages induce bacterial cell lysis, integration of viral DNA into the bacteria and/or coexistence in a stable equilibrium. Bacteria and phages have co-evolved and their dynamic interactions are yet to be fully understood. The increasing need to modulate microbial communities (e.g., gut microbiota, multidrug-resistant bacteria) has been a strong stimulus for research in phages as an antibacterial therapy. In gastroenterology, phage therapy has been mainly studied in infectious diseases such as cholera. However, it is currently being explored in several other circumstances such as treating Clostridioides difficile colitis, targeting adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in Crohn's disease or eradicating Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer. Overall, phage therapy has a favourable and acceptable safety profile. Presently, trials with phage therapy are ongoing in Crohn's disease. Conclusions: Phage therapy is a promising therapeutic tool against pathogenic bacteria in the fields of infectious diseases and gastroenterology. Randomised, placebo-controlled trials with phage therapy for gastroenterological diseases are ongoing.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074849810&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/apt.15557
DO - 10.1111/apt.15557
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31696976
AN - SCOPUS:85074849810
SN - 0269-2813
VL - 51
SP - 53
EP - 63
JO - Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
JF - Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
IS - 1
ER -