Relation of Blood Pressure to Severity of Pericardial Effusion

Subacute tamponade is a challenging diagnosis requiring careful consideration of both clinical and imaging data. We aimed at exploring the association of initial blood pressure with markers of pericardial effusion severity in patients with moderate and large pericardial effusion. We conducted a retrospective, single-center study in 102 well-phenotyped patients with moderate and large pericardial effusion. The presenting systolic and diastolic blood pressure recordings were divided into tertiles to examine the association between the blood pressure and the different established markers of pericardial effusion severity. On presentation, 42% of patients had systolic blood pressure exceeding 130 mm Hg, and only 5% of patients had systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg. Patients in the lowest blood pressure tertiles did not differ significantly from patients in the upper tertiles in terms of clinical, etiologic, or echocardiographic characteristics. Although patients who underwent pericardial drainage had higher presenting heart rates, no significant differences were seen in the blood pressure recordings, either systolic or diastolic (mean 125 mm Hg vs 130 mm Hg, p = 0.36 and 76 vs 75 mm Hg, p = 0.82, respectively). In conclusion, systolic and diastolic blood pressure recordings upon initial presentation do not demonstrate a significant association with markers of effusion severity or the need for drainage in patients with moderate and large pericardial effusion.