TY - JOUR
T1 - Regional differences in hypertensive cardiovascular remodeling between fishing and farming communities in Japan
AU - Yano, Yuichiro
AU - Hoshide, Satoshi
AU - Tamaki, Noboru
AU - Inokuchi, Takashi
AU - Nagata, Masahiko
AU - Yokota, Naoto
AU - Hidaka, Toshiaki
AU - Kanemaru, Yoshimasa
AU - Matsuda, Shuntaro
AU - Kuwabara, Masachika
AU - Shimada, Kazuyuki
AU - Kario, Kazuomi
N1 - Funding Information:
acknowledgments:The authors are grateful for the dedicated work of our staff at the Kitaura and Nango National Health insurance Hospital. We also thank Fumiko Mizowaki, Takaaki Nagatomo, Kouichi inoue, Kazuharu Kato, Satomi Kobayashi, Shozi Kitabayashi, andTie Kai for their invaluable support. This study was partly supported by a grant-in-aid from the Foundation for the Development of the Community (Y.Y.).
PY - 2011/4
Y1 - 2011/4
N2 - Background Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) intake on the cardiovascular system have been reported, and thus we hypothesized that the prevalence of hypertensive cardiovascular remodeling would be lower in a fishing than a farming community.MethodsWe recruited 263 essential hypertensives from a fishing and 333 from a farming village; all subjects were 40 years (mean 73 years; 42% men). They were cross-sectionally examined for serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and common-carotid artery (CCA) and internal-carotid artery (ICA) intima-media thickness (IMT).ResultsCompared to the patients in the farming village, those in the fishing village had higher serum EPA and DHA levels (63.3 vs.70.9νg/ml, 137.2 vs.157.8νg/ml) and lower ADMA levels (0.49 vs.0.47nmol/ml; all P 0.05). LVMI and both CCA-IMT and ICA-IMT levels were lower in the fishing than the farming village (113.2 vs.121.6g/m2, 0.88 vs.0.94mm, 1.10 vs.1.17mm all P 0.01) even after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), duration of hypertensive medication, number of antihypertensive medications, and 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP) level. The differences in LVMI and IMT levels between these communities also remained unchanged (all P 0.01) after additional adjustment for the regional differences in EPA, DHA, and ADMA levels. A multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the difference in place of residence was independently associated with LVMI as well as with both CCA-IMT and ICA-IMT levels (all P 0.01).ConclusionThe prevalence of cardiovascular remodeling was significantly lower in patients in the fishing community than in those in the farming community. Further investigations are required to explain the mechanisms underlying this association.
AB - Background Effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) intake on the cardiovascular system have been reported, and thus we hypothesized that the prevalence of hypertensive cardiovascular remodeling would be lower in a fishing than a farming community.MethodsWe recruited 263 essential hypertensives from a fishing and 333 from a farming village; all subjects were 40 years (mean 73 years; 42% men). They were cross-sectionally examined for serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and common-carotid artery (CCA) and internal-carotid artery (ICA) intima-media thickness (IMT).ResultsCompared to the patients in the farming village, those in the fishing village had higher serum EPA and DHA levels (63.3 vs.70.9νg/ml, 137.2 vs.157.8νg/ml) and lower ADMA levels (0.49 vs.0.47nmol/ml; all P 0.05). LVMI and both CCA-IMT and ICA-IMT levels were lower in the fishing than the farming village (113.2 vs.121.6g/m2, 0.88 vs.0.94mm, 1.10 vs.1.17mm all P 0.01) even after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), duration of hypertensive medication, number of antihypertensive medications, and 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP) level. The differences in LVMI and IMT levels between these communities also remained unchanged (all P 0.01) after additional adjustment for the regional differences in EPA, DHA, and ADMA levels. A multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the difference in place of residence was independently associated with LVMI as well as with both CCA-IMT and ICA-IMT levels (all P 0.01).ConclusionThe prevalence of cardiovascular remodeling was significantly lower in patients in the fishing community than in those in the farming community. Further investigations are required to explain the mechanisms underlying this association.
KW - asymmetric dimethylarginine
KW - blood pressure
KW - cardiac hypertrophy
KW - hypertension
KW - intima-media thickness
KW - n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
KW - regional difference
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79952988545&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/ajh.2010.263
DO - 10.1038/ajh.2010.263
M3 - Article
C2 - 21311505
AN - SCOPUS:79952988545
SN - 0895-7061
VL - 24
SP - 437
EP - 443
JO - American Journal of Hypertension
JF - American Journal of Hypertension
IS - 4
ER -