TY - JOUR
T1 - Psychopharmacological Interventions
AU - Biederman, Joseph
AU - Spencer, Thomas J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Thomas Spencer receives research support from, is a speaker for, or is on the Advisory Board of the following sources: Shire, Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Ortho-McNeil, Inc., Novartis, New River Pharmaceuticals, Cephalon, Pfizer, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Dr. Joseph Biederman is currently receiving research support from the following sources: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, L.P., Ortho-McNeil, Inc., Otsuka, Shire, NIMH, and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Dr. Joseph Biederman is currently a consultant/advisory board member for the following pharmaceutical companies: Janssen, L.P., Ortho-McNeil, Inc., Novartis, and Shire. Dr. Joseph Biederman is currently a speaker for the following speaker's bureaus: Janssen, Ortho-McNeil, Inc., Novartis, Shire, and UCB Pharma, Inc. In previous years, Dr. Joseph Biederman received research support, consultation fees, or speaker's fees for/from the following additional sources: Abbott, AstraZeneca, Celltech, Cephalon, Eli Lilly and Company, Esai, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Gliatech Inc., NARSAD, New River Behavioral HealthCare, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, Novartis, Noven, Neurosearch, Pfizer, Pharmacia, The Prechter Foundation, The Stanley Foundation, and Wyeth.
PY - 2008/4
Y1 - 2008/4
N2 - Currently stimulants and atomoxetine are the most established treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); more than 170 controlled studies with more than 9000 subjects have documented their efficacy in 50% to 70% of subjects. Although the stimulant medications tend to show a dose-related improvement in ADHD symptoms, atomoxetine is generally dosed based on weight. The literature clearly documents that stimulants improve not only abnormal behaviors of ADHD but also self-esteem, cognition, and social and family functioning. However, efficacy varies with age and psychiatric comorbidities. Although most of the existing studies are brief, an increasing number of long-term studies have documented persistent response up to 1 and 2 years. Recent studies are extending the knowledge of treatment to younger and older subjects, women, and ethnic minorities. Cognitive and cognitive/behaviorally based psychotherapies combined with medication may play a role in treating behavioral and organizational issues and comorbid psychopathology.
AB - Currently stimulants and atomoxetine are the most established treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); more than 170 controlled studies with more than 9000 subjects have documented their efficacy in 50% to 70% of subjects. Although the stimulant medications tend to show a dose-related improvement in ADHD symptoms, atomoxetine is generally dosed based on weight. The literature clearly documents that stimulants improve not only abnormal behaviors of ADHD but also self-esteem, cognition, and social and family functioning. However, efficacy varies with age and psychiatric comorbidities. Although most of the existing studies are brief, an increasing number of long-term studies have documented persistent response up to 1 and 2 years. Recent studies are extending the knowledge of treatment to younger and older subjects, women, and ethnic minorities. Cognitive and cognitive/behaviorally based psychotherapies combined with medication may play a role in treating behavioral and organizational issues and comorbid psychopathology.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=39149091731&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chc.2007.12.001
DO - 10.1016/j.chc.2007.12.001
M3 - Review article
C2 - 18295155
AN - SCOPUS:39149091731
SN - 1056-4993
VL - 17
SP - 439
EP - 458
JO - Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
JF - Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
IS - 2
ER -