Psychological and biological influences on gender roles

Laura Erickson-Schroth

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3474-4_159

Psychological and biological influences on gender roles

Laura Erickson-Schroth

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

Abstract

Gender identity and gender roles are complicated phenomena that are likely impacted by biology as well as psychosocial influences. Nature and nurture are commonly seen as opposing forces, when, in reality, they work in concert, and our environments influence our biological processes. Due to historical factors, current research into how gender identity is shaped primarily focuses on the effects of hormones on neurobiology. Adult hormone levels do not seem to influence gender identity, but there is some evidence that intrauterine hormone exposure may. There is also evidence that psychosocial factors contribute to gender identity. As we continue to explore the basis for our multifaceted identities, we should bear in mind that we are more than just a sum of our parts.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Neuroscience in the 21st Century
Subtitle of host publication	From Basic to Clinical, Second Edition
Publisher	Springer New York
Pages	3943-3964
Number of pages	22
ISBN (Electronic)	9781493934744
ISBN (Print)	9781493934737
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3474-4_159
State	Published - 1 Jan 2016

Keywords

5-alpha reductase deficiency (5-ARD)
Adult hormone levels
Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)
Animal studies
Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTc)
Biased-interaction theory
Biological theories
Biopsychosocial models
Birth-assigned sex
Bisexuality
Brain, structural and functional imaging of
Bucket model
Cisgender
Cloacal exstrophy
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
Endocrine disruptors
Environmental influences
Female-to-male (FTM)
Fractional anisotropy (FA)
Functional MRI (fMRI)
Gender
Genetic influence
Histological studies
History
Identity
Intersex
Interstitial nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus (INAH)
Intrauterine hormone exposure
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Male-to-female (MTF)
Medications and environmental estrogens
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Prenatal hormone levels
Presentation
Roles
Sexuality
Social environment
Societal norms
Trans men
Trans women
Transgender
Transgender

Access to Document

10.1007/978-1-4939-3474-4_159

Cite this

@inbook{8c85d6a7ce3043879f8a3f74999879b9,

title = "Psychological and biological influences on gender roles",

abstract = "Gender identity and gender roles are complicated phenomena that are likely impacted by biology as well as psychosocial influences. Nature and nurture are commonly seen as opposing forces, when, in reality, they work in concert, and our environments influence our biological processes. Due to historical factors, current research into how gender identity is shaped primarily focuses on the effects of hormones on neurobiology. Adult hormone levels do not seem to influence gender identity, but there is some evidence that intrauterine hormone exposure may. There is also evidence that psychosocial factors contribute to gender identity. As we continue to explore the basis for our multifaceted identities, we should bear in mind that we are more than just a sum of our parts.",

keywords = "5-alpha reductase deficiency (5-ARD), Adult hormone levels, Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS), Animal studies, Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTc), Biased-interaction theory, Biological theories, Biopsychosocial models, Birth-assigned sex, Bisexuality, Brain, structural and functional imaging of, Bucket model, Cisgender, Cloacal exstrophy, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), Diethylstilbestrol (DES), Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), Endocrine disruptors, Environmental influences, Female-to-male (FTM), Fractional anisotropy (FA), Functional MRI (fMRI), Gender, Genetic influence, Histological studies, History, Identity, Intersex, Interstitial nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus (INAH), Intrauterine hormone exposure, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Male-to-female (MTF), Medications and environmental estrogens, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Prenatal hormone levels, Presentation, Roles, Sexuality, Social environment, Societal norms, Trans men, Trans women, Transgender, Transgender",

author = "Laura Erickson-Schroth",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2013 and Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016.",

year = "2016",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1007/978-1-4939-3474-4_159",

language = "English",

isbn = "9781493934737",

pages = "3943--3964",

booktitle = "Neuroscience in the 21st Century",

publisher = "Springer New York",

address = "United States",

}

TY - CHAP

T1 - Psychological and biological influences on gender roles

AU - Erickson-Schroth, Laura

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2013 and Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016.

PY - 2016/1/1

Y1 - 2016/1/1

N2 - Gender identity and gender roles are complicated phenomena that are likely impacted by biology as well as psychosocial influences. Nature and nurture are commonly seen as opposing forces, when, in reality, they work in concert, and our environments influence our biological processes. Due to historical factors, current research into how gender identity is shaped primarily focuses on the effects of hormones on neurobiology. Adult hormone levels do not seem to influence gender identity, but there is some evidence that intrauterine hormone exposure may. There is also evidence that psychosocial factors contribute to gender identity. As we continue to explore the basis for our multifaceted identities, we should bear in mind that we are more than just a sum of our parts.

AB - Gender identity and gender roles are complicated phenomena that are likely impacted by biology as well as psychosocial influences. Nature and nurture are commonly seen as opposing forces, when, in reality, they work in concert, and our environments influence our biological processes. Due to historical factors, current research into how gender identity is shaped primarily focuses on the effects of hormones on neurobiology. Adult hormone levels do not seem to influence gender identity, but there is some evidence that intrauterine hormone exposure may. There is also evidence that psychosocial factors contribute to gender identity. As we continue to explore the basis for our multifaceted identities, we should bear in mind that we are more than just a sum of our parts.

KW - 5-alpha reductase deficiency (5-ARD)

KW - Adult hormone levels

KW - Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)

KW - Animal studies

KW - Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTc)

KW - Biased-interaction theory

KW - Biological theories

KW - Biopsychosocial models

KW - Birth-assigned sex

KW - Bisexuality

KW - Brain, structural and functional imaging of

KW - Bucket model

KW - Cisgender

KW - Cloacal exstrophy

KW - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

KW - Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

KW - Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)

KW - Endocrine disruptors

KW - Environmental influences

KW - Female-to-male (FTM)

KW - Fractional anisotropy (FA)

KW - Functional MRI (fMRI)

KW - Gender

KW - Genetic influence

KW - Histological studies

KW - History

KW - Identity

KW - Intersex

KW - Interstitial nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus (INAH)

KW - Intrauterine hormone exposure

KW - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

KW - Male-to-female (MTF)

KW - Medications and environmental estrogens

KW - Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

KW - Prenatal hormone levels

KW - Presentation

KW - Roles

KW - Sexuality

KW - Social environment

KW - Societal norms

KW - Trans men

KW - Trans women

KW - Transgender

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85018890372&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/978-1-4939-3474-4_159

DO - 10.1007/978-1-4939-3474-4_159

M3 - Chapter

AN - SCOPUS:85018890372

SN - 9781493934737

SP - 3943

EP - 3964

BT - Neuroscience in the 21st Century

PB - Springer New York

ER -

Psychological and biological influences on gender roles

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this