Prospects for precision genetic medicine in congenital heart disease

Precision medicine, defined as tailoring medical care individually based upon relevant factors, is primarily implemented currently through the use of genetic variation. Over the past thirty years, the possibility of determining specific genetic variants underlying congenital heart disease has increased dramatically. This has created the potential for using precision genetic approaches to improve care and outcomes for patients and families with congenital heart disease. In this review, recent advances in understanding the roles of genetic variants in various outcomes, in developing novel therapeutic approaches, and in refining clinical trials for congenital heart disease are discussed.