TY - JOUR
T1 - Pregnancy-specific association of vitamin D deficiency and bacterial vaginosis
AU - Hensel, Katherine J.
AU - Randis, Tara M.
AU - Gelber, Shari E.
AU - Ratner, Adam J.
PY - 2011/1
Y1 - 2011/1
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Recent data suggest vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) during pregnancy. We hypothesized that VDD is a risk factor for BV in nonpregnant women. STUDY DESIGN: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, we conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses stratified by pregnancy. RESULTS: VDD was associated with BV only in pregnant women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.137.28). Among nonpregnant women, douching (AOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.252.37), smoking (AOR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.232.24), and black race (AOR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.673.47) were associated with BV; oral contraceptive use was inversely associated with BV (AOR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.400.90). VDD moderated the association between smoking and BV in nonpregnant women. CONCLUSION: Risk factors for BV differ by pregnancy status. VDD was a modifiable risk factor for BV among pregnant women; evaluation of vitamin D supplementation for prevention or adjunct therapy of BV in pregnancy is warranted.
AB - OBJECTIVE: Recent data suggest vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) during pregnancy. We hypothesized that VDD is a risk factor for BV in nonpregnant women. STUDY DESIGN: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, we conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses stratified by pregnancy. RESULTS: VDD was associated with BV only in pregnant women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.137.28). Among nonpregnant women, douching (AOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.252.37), smoking (AOR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.232.24), and black race (AOR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.673.47) were associated with BV; oral contraceptive use was inversely associated with BV (AOR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.400.90). VDD moderated the association between smoking and BV in nonpregnant women. CONCLUSION: Risk factors for BV differ by pregnancy status. VDD was a modifiable risk factor for BV among pregnant women; evaluation of vitamin D supplementation for prevention or adjunct therapy of BV in pregnancy is warranted.
KW - National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
KW - bacterial vaginosis
KW - pregnancy
KW - smoking
KW - vitamin D
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78650717024&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.08.013
DO - 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.08.013
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:78650717024
SN - 0002-9378
VL - 204
SP - 41.e1-41.e9
JO - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
JF - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
IS - 1
ER -