@article{5cfd4176c9b1490bb12c3e07cbe77248,
title = "Prefrontal-habenular microstructural impairments in human cocaine and heroin addiction",
abstract = "The habenula (Hb) is central to adaptive reward- and aversion-driven behaviors, comprising a hub for higher-order processing networks involving the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Despite an established role in preclinical models of cocaine addiction, the translational significance of the Hb and its connectivity with the PFC in humans is unclear. Using diffusion tractography, we detailed PFC structural connectivity with the Hb and two control regions, quantifying tract-specific microstructural features in healthy and cocaine-addicted individuals. White matter was uniquely impaired in PFC-Hb projections in both short-term abstainers and current cocaine users. Abnormalities in this tract further generalized to an independent sample of heroin-addicted individuals and were associated, in an exploratory analysis, with earlier onset of drug use across the addiction subgroups, potentially serving as a predisposing marker amenable for early intervention. Importantly, these findings contextualize a plausible PFC-Hb circuit in the human brain, supporting preclinical evidence for its impairment in cocaine addiction.",
keywords = "anterior limb of the internal capsule, cocaine addiction, diffusion tractography, habenula, heroin addiction, prefrontal cortex, premorbid markers",
author = "King, {Sarah G.} and Gaudreault, {Pierre Olivier} and Pias Malaker and Kim, {Joo won} and Nelly Alia-Klein and Junqian Xu and Goldstein, {Rita Z.}",
note = "Funding Information: We appreciate the thoughtful discussions with our colleagues, Drs. Patrick Hof, Mark Baxter, Paul Kenny, and Peter Rudebeck, in the Department of Neuroscience at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. We are equally grateful to Dr. Suzanne Haber in the Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and Dr. Sarah Heilbronner in the Department of Neuroscience at University of Minnesota for in-depth neuroanatomical discussions. This work was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (P.-O.G.), NIDA R01 DA041528 (R.Z.G.), NIDA R01 DA04830 (R.Z.G.), NIDA R21 DA034954 (R.Z.G.), and NCCIH R01 AT010627 (R.Z.G.). Funding Information: We appreciate the thoughtful discussions with our colleagues, Drs. Patrick Hof, Mark Baxter, Paul Kenny, and Peter Rudebeck, in the Department of Neuroscience at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. We are equally grateful to Dr. Suzanne Haber in the Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and Dr. Sarah Heilbronner in the Department of Neuroscience at University of Minnesota for in-depth neuroanatomical discussions. This work was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (P.-O.G.), NIDA R01 DA041528 (R.Z.G.), NIDA R01 DA04830 (R.Z.G.), NIDA R21 DA034954 (R.Z.G.), and NCCIH R01 AT010627 (R.Z.G.). S.G.K. N.A-K. J.X. and R.Z.G. conceptualized and designed the research. J.K. and J.X. advised on the methods. S.G.K. performed the data analysis. S.G.K. P.-O.G. J.K. J.X. and R.Z.G. interpreted the results. P.M. collected and managed the data. S.G.K. wrote the initial draft of the manuscript. P.-O.G. N.A-K. P.M. J.K. J.X. and R.Z.G. revised the manuscript. The authors declare no competing interests. We worked to ensure gender balance in the recruitment of human subjects. We worked to ensure ethnic or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human subjects. We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2022",
month = nov,
day = "16",
doi = "10.1016/j.neuron.2022.09.011",
language = "English",
volume = "110",
pages = "3820--3832.e4",
journal = "Neuron",
issn = "0896-6273",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "22",
}