TY - JOUR
T1 - Prediabetes and diabetes among HIV-infected adults in Cameroon
AU - Rhee, John Y.
AU - Bahtila, Tumi Divine
AU - Palmer, Dennis
AU - Tih, Pius Muffih
AU - Aberg, Judith A.
AU - LeRoith, Derek
AU - Jao, Jennifer
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PY - 2016/9/1
Y1 - 2016/9/1
N2 - Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and certain antiretrovirals are associated with diabetes. Few studies have examined the prevalence of and factors associated with diabetes among HIV-infected individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in sub-Saharan Africa; some report prevalence estimates between 3.5–26.5% for diabetes in Cameroon and 20.2–43.5% for prediabetes in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, HIV-infected individuals (16–65 years old) were screened for diabetes using haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). We further categorized HbA1C as normoglycemia (HbA1c < 5.7%), prediabetes (HbA1c 5.7–6.4%) or diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%). Dysglycemia was defined as HbA1c ≥ 5.7%. Logistic regression modelling was used to assess factors associated with having dysglycemia. Results: Of 500 participants, 363 (72.6%) were female. Median age was 42.5 years [interquartile range (IQR): 36.5–49.5]. Nineteen patients (3.8%) had diabetes and 170 patients (34%) were classified as having prediabetes. One hundred nine (22%) had a CD4+ count <200 cells/mm3, and 464 (93%) had received >28 days of ART at time of screening. Median abdominal circumference for women was 79.5 cm (IQR: 75.5–85.3) and for men, 86.5 cm (IQR: 81.7–90.5). Adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, CD4 cell count, being on cART >28 days, body mass index, hypertension, history of hypertension, abdominal circumference and duration of HIV infection, larger abdominal circumference was associated with higher prevalence of prediabetes or diabetes (adjusted odds ratio = 1.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.11), while being on cART (adjusted odds ratio = 0.46, confidence interval: 0.22–0.99) was associated with lower prevalence. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of dysglycemia among Cameroonian HIV-infected adults. Larger abdominal circumference was associated with higher prevalence, while cART was associated with lower prevalence.
AB - Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and certain antiretrovirals are associated with diabetes. Few studies have examined the prevalence of and factors associated with diabetes among HIV-infected individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in sub-Saharan Africa; some report prevalence estimates between 3.5–26.5% for diabetes in Cameroon and 20.2–43.5% for prediabetes in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, HIV-infected individuals (16–65 years old) were screened for diabetes using haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). We further categorized HbA1C as normoglycemia (HbA1c < 5.7%), prediabetes (HbA1c 5.7–6.4%) or diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%). Dysglycemia was defined as HbA1c ≥ 5.7%. Logistic regression modelling was used to assess factors associated with having dysglycemia. Results: Of 500 participants, 363 (72.6%) were female. Median age was 42.5 years [interquartile range (IQR): 36.5–49.5]. Nineteen patients (3.8%) had diabetes and 170 patients (34%) were classified as having prediabetes. One hundred nine (22%) had a CD4+ count <200 cells/mm3, and 464 (93%) had received >28 days of ART at time of screening. Median abdominal circumference for women was 79.5 cm (IQR: 75.5–85.3) and for men, 86.5 cm (IQR: 81.7–90.5). Adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, CD4 cell count, being on cART >28 days, body mass index, hypertension, history of hypertension, abdominal circumference and duration of HIV infection, larger abdominal circumference was associated with higher prevalence of prediabetes or diabetes (adjusted odds ratio = 1.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.11), while being on cART (adjusted odds ratio = 0.46, confidence interval: 0.22–0.99) was associated with lower prevalence. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of dysglycemia among Cameroonian HIV-infected adults. Larger abdominal circumference was associated with higher prevalence, while cART was associated with lower prevalence.
KW - Cameroon
KW - HIV
KW - antiretroviral therapy
KW - diabetes
KW - prevalence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84985982504&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/dmrr.2792
DO - 10.1002/dmrr.2792
M3 - Article
C2 - 26891253
AN - SCOPUS:84985982504
SN - 1520-7552
VL - 32
SP - 544
EP - 549
JO - Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
JF - Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
IS - 6
ER -