TY - JOUR
T1 - Picture-based memory impairment screen for dementia
AU - Verghese, Joe
AU - Noone, Mohan L.
AU - Johnson, Beena
AU - Ambrose, Anne F.
AU - Wang, Cuiling
AU - Buschke, Herman
AU - Pradeep, Vayyattu G.
AU - Abdul Salam, Kizhakkaniyakath
AU - Shaji, Kunnukatil S.
AU - Mathuranath, Pavagada S.
PY - 2012/11
Y1 - 2012/11
N2 - Objectives To develop and validate a picture-based memory impairment screen (PMIS) for the detection of dementia. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Outpatient clinics, Baby Memorial Hospital, Kozhikode city in the southern Indian state of Kerala. Participants Three hundred four community-residing adults aged 55 to 94 with a mean education level of 8 years; 65 were diagnosed with dementia. Measurements PMIS: a culture-fair picture-based cognitive screen designed to be administered by nonspecialists. Diagnostic accuracy estimates (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive power) of PMIS cut-scores in detecting dementia (range 0-8). Results PMIS scores were worse in participants with dementia (1.5) than in controls (7.7, P <.001). At the optimal cut-score of 5, PMIS had a sensitivity of 95.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 90.3-100.0%) and a specificity of 99.2% (95% CI = 98.0-100.0%) for detecting dementia. In the 167 participants with <10 years of education, PMIS scores of five or less had a sensitivity of 97.8% (95% CI = 93.6-100.0%) and specificity of 99.2% (95% CI = 97.6-100.0%). The PMIS had better specificity than the Mini-Mental State Examination in detecting dementia, especially in older adults with low education. Conclusion The PMIS is a brief and reliable screen for dementia in elderly populations with variable literacy rates.
AB - Objectives To develop and validate a picture-based memory impairment screen (PMIS) for the detection of dementia. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Outpatient clinics, Baby Memorial Hospital, Kozhikode city in the southern Indian state of Kerala. Participants Three hundred four community-residing adults aged 55 to 94 with a mean education level of 8 years; 65 were diagnosed with dementia. Measurements PMIS: a culture-fair picture-based cognitive screen designed to be administered by nonspecialists. Diagnostic accuracy estimates (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive power) of PMIS cut-scores in detecting dementia (range 0-8). Results PMIS scores were worse in participants with dementia (1.5) than in controls (7.7, P <.001). At the optimal cut-score of 5, PMIS had a sensitivity of 95.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 90.3-100.0%) and a specificity of 99.2% (95% CI = 98.0-100.0%) for detecting dementia. In the 167 participants with <10 years of education, PMIS scores of five or less had a sensitivity of 97.8% (95% CI = 93.6-100.0%) and specificity of 99.2% (95% CI = 97.6-100.0%). The PMIS had better specificity than the Mini-Mental State Examination in detecting dementia, especially in older adults with low education. Conclusion The PMIS is a brief and reliable screen for dementia in elderly populations with variable literacy rates.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - dementia
KW - diagnosis
KW - primary care
KW - sensitivity
KW - specificity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84869098118&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04191.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04191.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 23039180
AN - SCOPUS:84869098118
SN - 0002-8614
VL - 60
SP - 2116
EP - 2120
JO - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
JF - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
IS - 11
ER -