TY - JOUR
T1 - Origins of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic in swine in Mexico
AU - Mena, Ignacio
AU - Nelson, Martha I.
AU - Quezada-Monroy, Francisco
AU - Dutta, Jayeeta
AU - Cortes-Fernández, Refugio
AU - Lara-Puente, J. Horacio
AU - Castro-Peralta, Felipa
AU - Cunha, Luis F.
AU - Trovão, Nídia S.
AU - Lozano-Dubernard, Bernardo
AU - Rambaut, Andrew
AU - Van Bakel, Harm
AU - García-Sastre, Adolfo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/6/28
Y1 - 2016/6/28
N2 - Asia is considered an important source of influenza A virus (IAV) pandemics, owing to large, diverse viral reservoirs in poultry and swine. However, the zoonotic origins of the 2009 A/ H1N1 influenza pandemic virus (pdmH1N1) remain unclear, due to conflicting evidence from swine and humans. There is strong evidence that the first human outbreak of pdmH1N1 occurred in Mexico in early 2009. However, no related swine viruses have been detected in Mexico or any part of the Americas, and to date the most closely related ancestor viruses were identified in Asian swine. Here, we use 58 new whole-genome sequences from IAVs collected in Mexican swine to establish that the swine virus responsible for the 2009 pandemic evolved in central Mexico. This finding highlights how the 2009 pandemic arose from a region not considered a pandemic risk, owing to an expansion of IAV diversity in swine resulting from long-distance live swine trade.
AB - Asia is considered an important source of influenza A virus (IAV) pandemics, owing to large, diverse viral reservoirs in poultry and swine. However, the zoonotic origins of the 2009 A/ H1N1 influenza pandemic virus (pdmH1N1) remain unclear, due to conflicting evidence from swine and humans. There is strong evidence that the first human outbreak of pdmH1N1 occurred in Mexico in early 2009. However, no related swine viruses have been detected in Mexico or any part of the Americas, and to date the most closely related ancestor viruses were identified in Asian swine. Here, we use 58 new whole-genome sequences from IAVs collected in Mexican swine to establish that the swine virus responsible for the 2009 pandemic evolved in central Mexico. This finding highlights how the 2009 pandemic arose from a region not considered a pandemic risk, owing to an expansion of IAV diversity in swine resulting from long-distance live swine trade.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84979698202&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.7554/eLife.16777
DO - 10.7554/eLife.16777
M3 - Article
C2 - 27350259
AN - SCOPUS:84979698202
SN - 2050-084X
VL - 5
JO - eLife
JF - eLife
IS - JUN2016
M1 - e16777
ER -