Novel alternative, multistranded, plasmid, and helical transitional DNA and RNA microarrays: The next generation of nucleic acid microarrays

A DNA microarray is considered to be a multiplex research tool used for gene expression studies. It is a two-dimensional array on a substrate surface that permits for the assaying of vast amounts of biomaterials. The novel Alternative, Multistranded, Plasmid, and Helical Transitional DNA and RNA Microarrays have been developed that allows for the immobilization of intact, nondenatured, double-stranded (ds-) DNA, ds-RNA, and alternative and multistranded nucleic acids. It goes beyond the limitations of conventional DNA microarrays. It also allows for the study of transitional changes that occur in the structure of DNA and RNA. Alternative types of DNA, RNA and multistranded nucleic acids are immobilized by a variety of different surface chemistries onto a novel substrate surface. This technology represents the next generation of DNA and RNA microarrays, which will aid in the characterization of nucleic acid structure and function, and accelerate the discovery of drugs that bind to exotic nucleic acids and transitions in DNA and RNA. These novel nucleic acid microarrays can be used to improve the study of DNA and RNA structure, gene expression, drug discovery and development, and treatment of various diseases.