TY - JOUR
T1 - Non-Thermal Radio Frequency and Static Magnetic Fields Increase Rate of Hemoglobin Deoxygenation in a Cell-Free Preparation
AU - Muehsam, David
AU - Lalezari, Parviz
AU - Lekhraj, Rukmani
AU - Abruzzo, Provvidenza
AU - Bolotta, Alessandra
AU - Marini, Marina
AU - Bersani, Ferdinando
AU - Aicardi, Giorgio
AU - Pilla, Arthur
AU - Casper, Diana
N1 - Funding Information:
David Muehsam was a paid consultant for Ivivi Health Sciences, LLC, USA, for a portion of the duration of this study. Rukmani Lekhraj and Diana Casper received a portion of their salaries for other studies funded by Ivivi Health Sciences during the time of this study, but received no financial support for their contributions to this study. Arthur Pilla was a paid consultant for Ivivi Health Sciences LLC for the duration of this study. None of the other authors in this study received financial support or have other competing interests. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
PY - 2013/4/12
Y1 - 2013/4/12
N2 - The growing body of clinical and experimental data regarding electromagnetic field (EMF) bioeffects and their therapeutic applications has contributed to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action. This study reports that two EMF modalities currently in clinical use, a pulse-modulated radiofrequency (PRF) signal, and a static magnetic field (SMF), applied independently, increased the rate of deoxygenation of human hemoglobin (Hb) in a cell-free assay. Deoxygenation of Hb was initiated using the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT) in an assay that allowed the time for deoxygenation to be controlled (from several min to several hours) by adjusting the relative concentrations of DTT and Hb. The time course of Hb deoxygenation was observed using visible light spectroscopy. Exposure for 10-30 min to either PRF or SMF increased the rate of deoxygenation occurring several min to several hours after the end of EMF exposure. The sensitivity and biochemical simplicity of the assay developed here suggest a new research tool that may help to further the understanding of basic biophysical EMF transduction mechanisms. If the results of this study were to be shown to occur at the cellular and tissue level, EMF-enhanced oxygen availability would be one of the mechanisms by which clinically relevant EMF-mediated enhancement of growth and repair processes could occur.
AB - The growing body of clinical and experimental data regarding electromagnetic field (EMF) bioeffects and their therapeutic applications has contributed to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action. This study reports that two EMF modalities currently in clinical use, a pulse-modulated radiofrequency (PRF) signal, and a static magnetic field (SMF), applied independently, increased the rate of deoxygenation of human hemoglobin (Hb) in a cell-free assay. Deoxygenation of Hb was initiated using the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT) in an assay that allowed the time for deoxygenation to be controlled (from several min to several hours) by adjusting the relative concentrations of DTT and Hb. The time course of Hb deoxygenation was observed using visible light spectroscopy. Exposure for 10-30 min to either PRF or SMF increased the rate of deoxygenation occurring several min to several hours after the end of EMF exposure. The sensitivity and biochemical simplicity of the assay developed here suggest a new research tool that may help to further the understanding of basic biophysical EMF transduction mechanisms. If the results of this study were to be shown to occur at the cellular and tissue level, EMF-enhanced oxygen availability would be one of the mechanisms by which clinically relevant EMF-mediated enhancement of growth and repair processes could occur.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84876081877
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0061752
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0061752
M3 - Article
C2 - 23593496
AN - SCOPUS:84876081877
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 8
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 4
M1 - e61752
ER -