New Insights into the Alveolar Epithelium as a Driver of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Marilia Sanches Santos Rizzo Zuttion, Sarah Kathryn Littlehale Moore, Peter Chen, Andrew Kota Beppu, Jaime Lynn Hook

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

The alveolar epithelium serves as a barrier between the body and the external environment. To maintain efficient gas exchange, the alveolar epithelium has evolved to withstand and rapidly respond to an assortment of inhaled, injury-inducing stimuli. However, alveolar damage can lead to loss of alveolar fluid barrier function and exuberant, non-resolving inflammation that manifests clinically as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review discusses recent discoveries related to mechanisms of alveolar homeostasis, injury, repair, and regeneration, with a contemporary emphasis on virus-induced lung injury. In addition, we address new insights into how the alveolar epithelium coordinates injury-induced lung inflammation and review maladaptive lung responses to alveolar damage that drive ARDS and pathologic lung remodeling.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1273
JournalBiomolecules
Volume12
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2022

Keywords

  • ARDS
  • alveolar epithelium
  • lung regeneration
  • lung remodeling
  • lung repair

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