Neurotransmitters and growth factors: Overview

Advances in modern medicine have extended the average human life span, bringing the benefits of a prolonged life as well as the increased risk and incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The oldest members of the post-World War II 'baby boomer' generation are currently entering their 60s. As the entire generation ages over the next 30 years, its members will comprise 20-25% of the population in developed countries and present major demands on health care; for instance, the number of people in the United States with Alzheimer's disease is expected to nearly quadruple by 2050. This article discusses the effect of aging and neurodegenerative disorders on neurotransmitter metabolism in the brain. Understanding neurotransmitter activity through experimental research will contribute to the development of novel treatments for these conditions, reduce their incidence and burden on public health care systems, and ultimately improve the quality of life for baby boomers and future generations.