TY - CHAP
T1 - Neuroscience of inhibition for addiction medicine
T2 - from prediction of initiation to prediction of relapse
AU - Moeller, Scott J.
AU - Bederson, Lucia
AU - Alia-Klein, Nelly
AU - Goldstein, Rita Z.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (to S.J.M.: 1K01DA037452), and by seed grants from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the Mount Sinai Brain Imaging Center (to S.J.M., N.A.K., and R.Z.G.). We thank Gabriela Gan, Rebecca Preston-Campbell, and Anna B. Konova for helpful suggestions on concepts presented in this chapter.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2016/12/1
Y1 - 2016/12/1
N2 - A core deficit in drug addiction is the inability to inhibit maladaptive drug-seeking behavior. Consistent with this deficit, drug-addicted individuals show reliable cross-sectional differences from healthy nonaddicted controls during tasks of response inhibition accompanied by brain activation abnormalities as revealed by functional neuroimaging. However, it is less clear whether inhibition-related deficits predate the transition to problematic use, and, in turn, whether these deficits predict the transition out of problematic substance use. Here, we review longitudinal studies of response inhibition in children/adolescents with little substance experience and longitudinal studies of already addicted individuals attempting to sustain abstinence. Results show that response inhibition and its underlying neural correlates predict both substance use outcomes (onset and abstinence). Neurally, key roles were observed for multiple regions of the frontal cortex (e.g., inferior frontal gyrus, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). In general, less activation of these regions during response inhibition predicted not only the onset of substance use, but interestingly also better abstinence-related outcomes among individuals already addicted. The role of subcortical areas, although potentially important, is less clear because of inconsistent results and because these regions are less classically reported in studies of healthy response inhibition. Overall, this review indicates that response inhibition is not simply a manifestation of current drug addiction, but rather a core neurocognitive dimension that predicts key substance use outcomes. Early intervention in inhibitory deficits could have high clinical and public health relevance.
AB - A core deficit in drug addiction is the inability to inhibit maladaptive drug-seeking behavior. Consistent with this deficit, drug-addicted individuals show reliable cross-sectional differences from healthy nonaddicted controls during tasks of response inhibition accompanied by brain activation abnormalities as revealed by functional neuroimaging. However, it is less clear whether inhibition-related deficits predate the transition to problematic use, and, in turn, whether these deficits predict the transition out of problematic substance use. Here, we review longitudinal studies of response inhibition in children/adolescents with little substance experience and longitudinal studies of already addicted individuals attempting to sustain abstinence. Results show that response inhibition and its underlying neural correlates predict both substance use outcomes (onset and abstinence). Neurally, key roles were observed for multiple regions of the frontal cortex (e.g., inferior frontal gyrus, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). In general, less activation of these regions during response inhibition predicted not only the onset of substance use, but interestingly also better abstinence-related outcomes among individuals already addicted. The role of subcortical areas, although potentially important, is less clear because of inconsistent results and because these regions are less classically reported in studies of healthy response inhibition. Overall, this review indicates that response inhibition is not simply a manifestation of current drug addiction, but rather a core neurocognitive dimension that predicts key substance use outcomes. Early intervention in inhibitory deficits could have high clinical and public health relevance.
KW - Clinical outcome
KW - Developmental trajectories
KW - Drug addiction
KW - Inhibitory control
KW - Longitudinal designs
KW - Response inhibition
KW - fMRI
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84951782465&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.07.007
DO - 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.07.007
M3 - Chapter
C2 - 26806776
AN - SCOPUS:84951782465
T3 - Progress in Brain Research
SP - 165
EP - 188
BT - Progress in Brain Research
PB - Elsevier B.V.
ER -