Neurological and neurodevelopmental effects of Covid and MIS-C on children

Abstract: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to cause a unique disease phenotype in the paediatric population compared to adults, following the emergence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome of Children (MIS-C) and Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS). Over the course of the pandemic, neurological symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in the paediatric population. The neurological and neurodevelopmental sequelae of both acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and MIS-C/PIMS-TS in the paediatric population are not well understood. Little is known about the underlying pathophysiology and the potential neurovirulence of SARS-CoV-2. Further awareness and research are needed on the neurological sequelae and long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 on the developing brain. Impact: Detailed review of the current knowledge on neurological and neurodevelopmental effects of SARS-CoV-2 and MIS-C on the paediatric population. Emphasise the importance of acknowledging the potential direct effects of SARS-CoV-2 and MIS-C on neurological and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Highlight the need for further research and inclusion of paediatric patients in follow up studies of long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 and MIS-C focusing on neurodevelopmental and neurological sequelae.