@article{25ae1ffe27c646a5a9f84bd69941de0d,
title = "Neural network modelling of eye compensation during off-vertical-axis rotation",
abstract = "Compensatory eye motion during off-vertical axis rotation of the head in darkness (OVAR), has been modelled with a neural network. The three layered nework was trained with back-propagation to simulate the estimation of head velocity during OVAR. The network produced good estimates within its training range and predicted the eye velocity versus head velocity characteristics in the monkey. Invariance of the compensation to changes in tilt angle, not fully addressed in previous models, was demonstrated by the network, along with a smooth decline in velocity estimate below a threshold angle. This also agreed well with data from the monkey. Study of the internal units of the network provided insight into the manner in which pattern comparison produced the estimates. In addition, the behavior of the network's units suggests types of behavior that might be looked for through unit recordings in the central nervous system during OVAR.",
keywords = "Back propagation, Modelling, Nystagmus, Oculomotor system, Otoliths, Vestibular system",
author = "Robert Fanelli and Theodore Raphan and Charles Schnabolk",
note = "Funding Information: Rotation of the head excites the semicircular canals, which generate compensatory eye movements via the vestibulo-ocular reflex (See Wilson & Melville-Jones, 1979 for a review). This tends to stabilize the direction of gaze in space. However, for continued rotation about a vertical axis, the compensation decays to zero. The visual system complements the action of the semicircular canals by continuing to generate compensatory eye movements when the vestibular system has no activation (Ter Braak, 1936; Mowrer. 1937). Other vestibular mechanisms exist which are also capable of generating compensatory eye movements during continuous rotation of the head. For example, rotation about an off-vertical axis (OVAR) generates continuous compensatory eye velocity, even in darkness. Since labyrinthectomy abolishes the response to OVAR (Guedry, 1965), the labyrinths must play an important role in generating the response. There is considerable evidence to suggest that the continuous activation of the otolith organs by gravity This work was supported by NIH grant EY04148, PSC CUNY Award 668285 and NASA grant NAS9-17720. We would likc to thank Dr. Bernard Cohen for helpful discussions. We would also like to thank Victor Rodriques for preparing the figures. Send reprint requests to Robert Fanelli, Physics Department, Brooklyn College, Bedford Ave. and Ave. H, Brooklyn, NY",
year = "1990",
doi = "10.1016/0893-6080(90)90070-2",
language = "English",
volume = "3",
pages = "265--276",
journal = "Neural Networks",
issn = "0893-6080",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",
number = "3",
}