TY - JOUR
T1 - Music induces different cardiac autonomic arousal effects in young and older persons
AU - Hilz, Max J.
AU - Stadler, Peter
AU - Gryc, Thomas
AU - Nath, Juliane
AU - Habib-Romstoeck, Leila
AU - Stemper, Brigitte
AU - Buechner, Susanne
AU - Wong, Samuel
AU - Koehn, Julia
PY - 2014/7
Y1 - 2014/7
N2 - Background: Autonomic arousal-responses to emotional stimuli change with age. Age-dependent autonomic responses to music-onset are undetermined. Objective: To determine whether cardiovascular-autonomic responses to "relaxing" or "aggressive" music differ between young and older healthy listeners. Methods: In ten young (22.8. ±. 1.7. years) and 10 older volunteers (61.7. ±. 7.7. years), we monitored respiration (RESP), RR-intervals (RRI), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BPsys, BPdia) during silence and 180. second presentations of two "relaxing" and two "aggressive" classical-music excerpts. Between both groups, we compared RESP, RRI, BPs, spectral-powers of mainly sympathetic low-frequency (LF: 0.04-0.15. Hz) and parasympathetic high-frequency (HF: 0.15-0.5. Hz) RRI-oscillations, RRI-LF/HF-ratios, RRI-total-powers (TP-RRI), and BP-LF-powers during 30. s of silence, 30. s of music-onset, and the remaining 150. s of music presentation (analysis-of-variance and post-hoc analysis; significance: p. <. 0.05). Results: During silence, both groups had similar RRI, LF/HF-ratios and LF-BPs; RESP, LF-RRI, HF-RRI, and TP-RRI were lower, but BPs were higher in older than younger participants. During music-onset, "relaxing" music decreased RRI in older and increased BPsys in younger participants, while "aggressive" music decreased RRI and increased BPsys, LF-RRI, LF/HF-ratios, and TP-RRI in older, but increased BPsys and RESP and decreased HF-RRI and TP-RRI in younger participants. Signals did not differ between groups during the last 150. s of music presentation. Conclusions: During silence, autonomic modulation was lower - but showed sympathetic predominance - in older than younger persons. Responses to music-onset, particularly "aggressive" music, reflect more of an arousal- than an emotional-response to music valence, with age-specific shifts of sympathetic-parasympathetic balance mediated by parasympathetic withdrawal in younger and by sympathetic activation in older participants.
AB - Background: Autonomic arousal-responses to emotional stimuli change with age. Age-dependent autonomic responses to music-onset are undetermined. Objective: To determine whether cardiovascular-autonomic responses to "relaxing" or "aggressive" music differ between young and older healthy listeners. Methods: In ten young (22.8. ±. 1.7. years) and 10 older volunteers (61.7. ±. 7.7. years), we monitored respiration (RESP), RR-intervals (RRI), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BPsys, BPdia) during silence and 180. second presentations of two "relaxing" and two "aggressive" classical-music excerpts. Between both groups, we compared RESP, RRI, BPs, spectral-powers of mainly sympathetic low-frequency (LF: 0.04-0.15. Hz) and parasympathetic high-frequency (HF: 0.15-0.5. Hz) RRI-oscillations, RRI-LF/HF-ratios, RRI-total-powers (TP-RRI), and BP-LF-powers during 30. s of silence, 30. s of music-onset, and the remaining 150. s of music presentation (analysis-of-variance and post-hoc analysis; significance: p. <. 0.05). Results: During silence, both groups had similar RRI, LF/HF-ratios and LF-BPs; RESP, LF-RRI, HF-RRI, and TP-RRI were lower, but BPs were higher in older than younger participants. During music-onset, "relaxing" music decreased RRI in older and increased BPsys in younger participants, while "aggressive" music decreased RRI and increased BPsys, LF-RRI, LF/HF-ratios, and TP-RRI in older, but increased BPsys and RESP and decreased HF-RRI and TP-RRI in younger participants. Signals did not differ between groups during the last 150. s of music presentation. Conclusions: During silence, autonomic modulation was lower - but showed sympathetic predominance - in older than younger persons. Responses to music-onset, particularly "aggressive" music, reflect more of an arousal- than an emotional-response to music valence, with age-specific shifts of sympathetic-parasympathetic balance mediated by parasympathetic withdrawal in younger and by sympathetic activation in older participants.
KW - Age
KW - Arousal
KW - Cardiovascular modulation
KW - Music
KW - Parasympathetic withdrawal
KW - Sympathetic activation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84902366629&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.autneu.2014.02.004
DO - 10.1016/j.autneu.2014.02.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 24636674
AN - SCOPUS:84902366629
SN - 1566-0702
VL - 183
SP - 83
EP - 93
JO - Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical
JF - Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical
ER -