@article{89cddfce2a01448e94e79ad7ab56afd3,
title = "Monoclonal antibodies protect aged rhesus macaques from SARS-CoV-2-induced immune activation and neuroinflammation",
abstract = "Anti-viral monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatments may provide immediate but short-term immunity from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in high-risk populations, such as people with diabetes and the elderly; however, data on their efficacy in these populations are limited. We demonstrate that prophylactic mAb treatment blocks viral replication in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts in aged, type 2 diabetic rhesus macaques. mAb infusion dramatically curtails severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-mediated stimulation of interferon-induced chemokines and T cell activation, significantly reducing development of interstitial pneumonia. Furthermore, mAb infusion significantly dampens the greater than 3-fold increase in SARS-CoV-2-induced effector CD4 T cell influx into the cerebrospinal fluid. Our data show that neutralizing mAbs administered preventatively to high-risk populations may mitigate the adverse inflammatory consequences of SARS-CoV-2 exposure.",
keywords = "NeuroCOVID, inflammation, SARS-CoV-2, cerebrospinal fluid, effector CD4 T cells, interstitial pneumonia, lymph node, neuroinflammation, pathogenesis, rhesus macaques",
author = "Anil Verma and Hawes, {Chase E.} and Lakshmanappa, {Yashavanth Shaan} and Roh, {Jamin W.} and Schmidt, {Brian A.} and Joseph Dutra and William Louie and Hongwei Liu and Ma, {Zhong Min} and Watanabe, {Jennifer K.} and Usachenko, {Jodie L.} and Ramya Immareddy and Sammak, {Rebecca L.} and Rachel Pollard and Reader, {J. Rachel} and Olstad, {Katherine J.} and Coffey, {Lark L.} and Kozlowski, {Pamela A.} and Hartigan-O'Connor, {Dennis J.} and Michel Nussenzweig and {Van Rompay}, {Koen K.A.} and Morrison, {John H.} and Iyer, {Smita S.}",
note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by NIH grant R21 AI143454-02S1 (to S.S.I.), FAST GRANT–George Mason University (to S.S.I.), NIH grant 3RF1AG061001-01S1 (to S.S.I. and J.H.M.), and the CNPRC base grant P51OD011107 . The figures were created with BioRender.com . Funding Information: This study was supported by NIH grant R21 AI143454-02S1 (to S.S.I.), FAST GRANT?George Mason University (to S.S.I.), NIH grant 3RF1AG061001-01S1 (to S.S.I. and J.H.M.), and the CNPRC base grant P51OD011107. The figures were created with BioRender.com. S.S.I. J.H.M. and K.K.A.V.R. designed the study. S.S.I. K.K.A.V.R. D.H.-O. and L.L.C. supervised experiments. P.A.K. B.A.S. J.W.R. A.V. Y.S.L. and S.S.I. performed experiments. Z.-M.M. J.R.R. and K.J.O. performed histopathology. R.L.S. and R.P. provided veterinary care and clinical assessments. M.N. provided critical reagents. B.A.S. C.E.H. and S.S.I. analyzed data. S.S.I. A.V. and C.E.H. wrote the manuscript. All authors edited the manuscript. The authors declare no competing interests. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",
year = "2021",
month = nov,
day = "2",
doi = "10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109942",
language = "English",
volume = "37",
journal = "Cell Reports",
issn = "2211-1247",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "5",
}