TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
AU - Faraone, Stephen V.
AU - Perlis, Roy H.
AU - Doyle, Alysa E.
AU - Smoller, Jordan W.
AU - Goralnick, Jennifer J.
AU - Holmgren, Meredith A.
AU - Sklar, Pamela
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Institute of Health grants R01HD37694, R01HD37999, and R01MH66877 to SVF, K23MH67060 to RHP, and K08MH66072 to AED.
Funding Information:
Aspects of this work were presented at the conference, “Advancing the Neuroscience of ADHD,” February 28, 2004 in Boston, Massachusetts. The conference was sponsored by the Society of Biological Psychiatry through an unrestricted educational grant from McNeil Consumer & Specialty Pharmaceuticals.
PY - 2005/6/1
Y1 - 2005/6/1
N2 - Results of behavioral genetic and molecular genetic studies have converged to suggest that both genetic and nongenetic factors contribute to the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We review this literature, with a particular emphasis on molecular genetic studies. Family, twin, and adoption studies provide compelling evidence that genes play a strong role in mediating susceptibility to ADHD. This fact is most clearly seen in the 20 extant twin studies, which estimate the heritability of ADHD to be. 76. Molecular genetic studies suggest that the genetic architecture of ADHD is complex. The few genome-wide scans conducted thus far are not conclusive. In contrast, the many candidate gene studies of ADHD have produced substantial evidence implicating several genes in the etiology of the disorder. For the eight genes for which the same variant has been studied in three or more case-control or family-based studies, seven show statistically significant evidence of association with ADHD on the basis of the pooled odds ratio across studies: DRD4, DRD5, DAT, DBH, 5-HTT, HTR1B, and SNAP-25.
AB - Results of behavioral genetic and molecular genetic studies have converged to suggest that both genetic and nongenetic factors contribute to the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We review this literature, with a particular emphasis on molecular genetic studies. Family, twin, and adoption studies provide compelling evidence that genes play a strong role in mediating susceptibility to ADHD. This fact is most clearly seen in the 20 extant twin studies, which estimate the heritability of ADHD to be. 76. Molecular genetic studies suggest that the genetic architecture of ADHD is complex. The few genome-wide scans conducted thus far are not conclusive. In contrast, the many candidate gene studies of ADHD have produced substantial evidence implicating several genes in the etiology of the disorder. For the eight genes for which the same variant has been studied in three or more case-control or family-based studies, seven show statistically significant evidence of association with ADHD on the basis of the pooled odds ratio across studies: DRD4, DRD5, DAT, DBH, 5-HTT, HTR1B, and SNAP-25.
KW - ADHD
KW - Candidate genes
KW - Genetics
KW - Linkage
KW - Twins
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=20444412281&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.024
DO - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.024
M3 - Review article
C2 - 15950004
AN - SCOPUS:20444412281
SN - 0006-3223
VL - 57
SP - 1313
EP - 1323
JO - Biological Psychiatry
JF - Biological Psychiatry
IS - 11
ER -