Microbiota-driven transcriptional changes in prefrontal cortex override genetic differences in social behavior

Mar Gacias, Sevasti Gaspari, Patricia Mae G. Santos, Sabrina Tamburini, Monica Andrade, Fan Zhang, Nan Shen, Vladimir Tolstikov, Michael A. Kiebish, Jeffrey L. Dupree, Venetia Zachariou, Jose C. Clemente, Patrizia Casaccia

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

234 Scopus citations

Abstract

Gene-environment interactions impact the development of neuropsychiatric disorders, but the relative contributions are unclear. Here, we identify gut microbiota as sufficient to induce depressive-like behaviors in genetically distinct mouse strains. Daily gavage of vehicle (dH2O) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice induced a social avoidance behavior that was not observed in C57BL/6 mice. This was not observed in NOD animals with depleted microbiota via oral administration of antibiotics. Transfer of intestinal microbiota, including members of the Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, from vehicle-gavaged NOD donors to microbiota-depleted C57BL/6 recipients was sufficient to induce social avoidance and change gene expression and myelination in the prefrontal cortex. Metabolomic analysis identified increased cresol levels in these mice, and exposure of cultured oligodendrocytes to this metabolite prevented myelin gene expression and differentiation. Our results thus demonstrate that the gut microbiota modifies the synthesis of key metabolites affecting gene expression in the prefrontal cortex, thereby modulating social behavior.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere13442
JournaleLife
Volume5
Issue numberAPRIL2016
DOIs
StatePublished - 20 Apr 2016

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Microbiota-driven transcriptional changes in prefrontal cortex override genetic differences in social behavior'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this