Mechanistic insights into chromosome-wide silencing in X inactivation

Susanne Arthold; Agata Kurowski; Anton Wutz

doi:10.1007/s00439-011-1002-0

Mechanistic insights into chromosome-wide silencing in X inactivation

Susanne Arthold
, Agata Kurowski
, Anton Wutz

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

20 Scopus citations

Abstract

In mammals, one of the two X chromosomes in female cells is transcriptionally silenced for dosage compensation between the sexes. Chromosome-wide silencing is initiated by the non-coding Xist RNA that accumulates within the inactive X chromosome territory and triggers gene repression and chromatin modifications. Epigenetic changes of the inactive X chromosome in a developmentally regulated manner result in stable gene repression in female somatic cells. X inactivation is a model for understanding the formation of facultative heterochromatin in mammalian development and represents a paradigm for RNA mediated regulation of gene expression. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge of the mechanism of chromosome-wide silencing and give an outlook on future directions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	295-305
Number of pages	11
Journal	Human Genetics
Volume	130
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-011-1002-0
State	Published - Aug 2011
Externally published	Yes

Access to Document

10.1007/s00439-011-1002-0

Cite this

@article{05047e72d29b4fb390fc60ee10ea7285,

title = "Mechanistic insights into chromosome-wide silencing in X inactivation",

abstract = "In mammals, one of the two X chromosomes in female cells is transcriptionally silenced for dosage compensation between the sexes. Chromosome-wide silencing is initiated by the non-coding Xist RNA that accumulates within the inactive X chromosome territory and triggers gene repression and chromatin modifications. Epigenetic changes of the inactive X chromosome in a developmentally regulated manner result in stable gene repression in female somatic cells. X inactivation is a model for understanding the formation of facultative heterochromatin in mammalian development and represents a paradigm for RNA mediated regulation of gene expression. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge of the mechanism of chromosome-wide silencing and give an outlook on future directions.",

author = "Susanne Arthold and Agata Kurowski and Anton Wutz",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments We thank members of the laboratory for critical discussion and comments. AK is supported by a Medical Research Council studentship. AW is supported by a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship (grant reference 087530/Z/08/A).",

year = "2011",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1007/s00439-011-1002-0",

language = "English",

volume = "130",

pages = "295--305",

journal = "Human Genetics",

issn = "0340-6717",

publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",

number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Mechanistic insights into chromosome-wide silencing in X inactivation

AU - Arthold, Susanne

AU - Kurowski, Agata

AU - Wutz, Anton

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments We thank members of the laboratory for critical discussion and comments. AK is supported by a Medical Research Council studentship. AW is supported by a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship (grant reference 087530/Z/08/A).

PY - 2011/8

Y1 - 2011/8

N2 - In mammals, one of the two X chromosomes in female cells is transcriptionally silenced for dosage compensation between the sexes. Chromosome-wide silencing is initiated by the non-coding Xist RNA that accumulates within the inactive X chromosome territory and triggers gene repression and chromatin modifications. Epigenetic changes of the inactive X chromosome in a developmentally regulated manner result in stable gene repression in female somatic cells. X inactivation is a model for understanding the formation of facultative heterochromatin in mammalian development and represents a paradigm for RNA mediated regulation of gene expression. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge of the mechanism of chromosome-wide silencing and give an outlook on future directions.

AB - In mammals, one of the two X chromosomes in female cells is transcriptionally silenced for dosage compensation between the sexes. Chromosome-wide silencing is initiated by the non-coding Xist RNA that accumulates within the inactive X chromosome territory and triggers gene repression and chromatin modifications. Epigenetic changes of the inactive X chromosome in a developmentally regulated manner result in stable gene repression in female somatic cells. X inactivation is a model for understanding the formation of facultative heterochromatin in mammalian development and represents a paradigm for RNA mediated regulation of gene expression. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge of the mechanism of chromosome-wide silencing and give an outlook on future directions.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/79961025489

U2 - 10.1007/s00439-011-1002-0

DO - 10.1007/s00439-011-1002-0

M3 - Article

C2 - 21567178

AN - SCOPUS:79961025489

SN - 0340-6717

VL - 130

SP - 295

EP - 305

JO - Human Genetics

JF - Human Genetics

IS - 2

ER -

Mechanistic insights into chromosome-wide silencing in X inactivation

Abstract

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this