Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in PTEN Loss Prostate Cancer

Jorge Esteban-Villarrubia; Pablo Alvarez Ballesteros; Miguel Martín-Serrano; María Ruiz Vico; Juan M. Funes; Guillermo de Velasco; Elena Castro; David Olmos; Daniel Castellano; Enrique González-Billalabeitia

doi:10.3390/immuno4040028

Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in PTEN Loss Prostate Cancer

Jorge Esteban-Villarrubia, Pablo Alvarez Ballesteros, Miguel Martín-Serrano, María Ruiz Vico, Juan M. Funes, Guillermo de Velasco, Elena Castro, David Olmos, Daniel Castellano, Enrique González-Billalabeitia

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is a frequently lost tumor suppressor gene in prostate cancer, leading to aggressive tumor behavior and poor clinical outcomes. PTEN loss results in aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, promoting oncogenesis. These alterations also lead to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with altered immune cell infiltration, cytokine profiles, and immune checkpoint regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying PTEN loss in prostate cancer and the consequent immune alterations observed in this subtype, thus underscoring the importance of understanding PTEN-mediated immune modulation for the development of effective therapeutic interventions in prostate cancer.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	444-460
Number of pages	17
Journal	Immuno
Volume	4
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/immuno4040028
State	Published - Dec 2024
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

immune evasion
immunotherapy
prostate cancer
PTEN loss

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10.3390/immuno4040028

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title = "Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in PTEN Loss Prostate Cancer",

abstract = "PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is a frequently lost tumor suppressor gene in prostate cancer, leading to aggressive tumor behavior and poor clinical outcomes. PTEN loss results in aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, promoting oncogenesis. These alterations also lead to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with altered immune cell infiltration, cytokine profiles, and immune checkpoint regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying PTEN loss in prostate cancer and the consequent immune alterations observed in this subtype, thus underscoring the importance of understanding PTEN-mediated immune modulation for the development of effective therapeutic interventions in prostate cancer.",

keywords = "immune evasion, immunotherapy, prostate cancer, PTEN loss",

author = "Jorge Esteban-Villarrubia and Ballesteros, {Pablo Alvarez} and Miguel Mart{\'i}n-Serrano and Vico, {Mar{\'i}a Ruiz} and Funes, {Juan M.} and {de Velasco}, Guillermo and Elena Castro and David Olmos and Daniel Castellano and Enrique Gonz{\'a}lez-Billalabeitia",

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month = dec,

doi = "10.3390/immuno4040028",

language = "English",

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pages = "444--460",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in PTEN Loss Prostate Cancer

AU - Esteban-Villarrubia, Jorge

AU - Ballesteros, Pablo Alvarez

AU - Martín-Serrano, Miguel

AU - Vico, María Ruiz

AU - Funes, Juan M.

AU - de Velasco, Guillermo

AU - Castro, Elena

AU - Olmos, David

AU - Castellano, Daniel

AU - González-Billalabeitia, Enrique

PY - 2024/12

Y1 - 2024/12

N2 - PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is a frequently lost tumor suppressor gene in prostate cancer, leading to aggressive tumor behavior and poor clinical outcomes. PTEN loss results in aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, promoting oncogenesis. These alterations also lead to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with altered immune cell infiltration, cytokine profiles, and immune checkpoint regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying PTEN loss in prostate cancer and the consequent immune alterations observed in this subtype, thus underscoring the importance of understanding PTEN-mediated immune modulation for the development of effective therapeutic interventions in prostate cancer.

AB - PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is a frequently lost tumor suppressor gene in prostate cancer, leading to aggressive tumor behavior and poor clinical outcomes. PTEN loss results in aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, promoting oncogenesis. These alterations also lead to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with altered immune cell infiltration, cytokine profiles, and immune checkpoint regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying PTEN loss in prostate cancer and the consequent immune alterations observed in this subtype, thus underscoring the importance of understanding PTEN-mediated immune modulation for the development of effective therapeutic interventions in prostate cancer.

KW - immune evasion

KW - immunotherapy

KW - prostate cancer

KW - PTEN loss

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85213521977&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/immuno4040028

DO - 10.3390/immuno4040028

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85213521977

SN - 2673-5601

VL - 4

SP - 444

EP - 460

JO - Immuno

JF - Immuno

IS - 4

ER -

Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in PTEN Loss Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Keywords

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