@article{73b6ee3b077f422dbecfd72cd2e60902,
title = "Liver injury associated with kratom, a popular opioid-like product: Experience from the U.S. drug induced liver injury network and a review of the literature",
abstract = "Background: : Kratom is a botanical product used as an opium substitute with abuse potential. Methods: : Assessment of suspected cases of kratom-induced liver injury in a prospective US cohort. Results: : Eleven cases of liver injury attributed to kratom were identified with a recent increase. The majority were male with median age 40 years. All were symptomatic and developed jaundice with a median latency of 14 days. The liver injury pattern was variable, most required hospitalization and all eventually recovered. Biochemical analysis revealed active kratom ingredients. Conclusion: : Kratom can cause severe liver injury with jaundice.",
keywords = "7-hydroxymitragynine, Hepatotoxicity, Kratom, Mitragynine, Opioid",
author = "{for the Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network} and Jawad Ahmad and Odin, {Joseph A.} and Hayashi, {Paul H.} and Fontana, {Robert J.} and Hari Conjeevaram and Bharathi Avula and Khan, {Ikhlas A.} and Huiman Barnhart and Raj Vuppalanchi and Navarro, {Victor J.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work performed by investigators of the Drug Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) is structured as an U01 cooperative agreement supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) with funds provided by the following grants: U01DK065211 ( Indiana University [Purdue] ), U01DK065184 ( University of Michigan [Ann Arbor] ), U01DK065201 ( University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill], Asheville, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center ), U01DK083027 ( Albert Einstein Medical Center ), U01DK100928 ( Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai ), U01DK065176 ( Duke Clinical Research Institute ). Additional support was provided by the Intramural Division of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020",
year = "2021",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108426",
language = "English",
volume = "218",
journal = "Drug and Alcohol Dependence",
issn = "0376-8716",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",
}