Ligand-biased activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 leads to differences in opioid induced antinociception and tolerance

Keyphrases

• Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 100%
• Fentanyl 100%
• DAMGO 100%
• Antinociception 100%
• Opioid-induced 100%
• Biased Activation 100%
• Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray (vlPAG) 80%
• Opioids 80%
• ERK2 80%
• μ-opioid Receptor 60%
• Pertussis Toxin 40%
• Microinjection 40%
• Antinociceptive 40%
• Receptor Internalization 40%
• U0126 40%
• G Protein 20%
• Signaling Cascades 20%
• Phosphorylation 20%
• MEK Inhibitor (MEKi) 20%
• Behavioral Consequences 20%
• G Protein Signaling 20%
• Dominant Negative 20%
• Arrestin 20%
• Relative Efficacy 20%
• Differential Signaling 20%
• Dynamin 20%
• Arrestin Recruitment 20%
• Protein Signaling 20%
• Direct Inhibitors 20%
• Inhibitory Peptide 20%

Neuroscience

• Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 100%
• Internalization 100%
• DAMGO 100%
• Duragesic 100%
• Fentanyl 100%
• Biased Ligands 100%
• Periaqueductal Gray 80%
• Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase 3 80%
• μ-Opioid Receptor 60%
• G Protein 40%
• Pertussis Toxin 40%
• Retina S Antigen 40%
• U0126 40%
• Agonist 20%
• Dynamin 20%
• MEK Inhibitor 20%
• Receptor 20%

Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science

• Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase 3 100%
• Duragesic 100%
• Antinociception 100%
• Enkephalin[2 Dextro Alanine 4 Methylphenylalanine 5 Glycine] 100%
• μ-Opioid Receptor 60%
• Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein 40%
• Retina S Antigen 40%
• Pertussis Toxin 40%
• 1,4 Diamino 1,4 Bis(2 Aminophenylthio) 2,3 Dicyanobutadiene 40%
• Receptor 20%
• Dynamin 20%
• Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Inhibitor 20%