@article{1461a53a7f124ead8b85df8a35a073c1,
title = "Launching Effectiveness Research to Guide Practice in Neurosurgery: A National Institute Neurological Disorders and Stroke Workshop Report",
abstract = "This workshop addressed challenges of clinical research in neurosurgery. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) have high internal validity, but often insufficiently generalize to real-world practice.Observational studies are inclusive but often lack sufficient rigor. The workshop considered possible solutions, such as (1) statistical methods for demonstrating causality using observational data; (2) characteristics required of a registry supporting effectiveness research; (3) trial designs combining advantages of observational studies and RCTs; and (4) equipoise, an identified challenge for RCTs. In the future, advances in information technology potentially could lead to creation of a massive database where clinical data from all neurosurgeons are integrated and analyzed, ending the separation of clinical research and practice and leading to a new {"}science of practice.{"}",
keywords = "Clinical trials, Effectiveness research, Equipoise, Randomized controlled trial, Registry",
author = "{Workshop Participants} and Patricia Walicke and Aviva Abosch and Anthony Asher and Barker, {Fred G.} and Zoher Ghogawala and Robert Harbaugh and Lara Jehi and John Kestle and Walter Koroshetz and Roderick Little and Donald Rubin and Alex Valadka and Stephen Wisniewski and Chiocca, {E. Antonio} and Sepideh Amin-Hanjani and Nicholas Barbaro and Mitchell Berger and Elise Berliner and Bennett Blumenkopf and Brown, {Robert D.} and Mohammed Bydon and Robert Califf and Eddie Chang and Marc Chimowitz and Sander Connolly and Ralph Dacey and Constantine Frangakis and Robert Friedlander and Brandy Fureman and Roee Gutman and Robert Holloway and Scott Kim and Douglas Kondziolka and Russell Lonser and Geoff Manley and Jeffrey Ojemann and Carlos Pena and Richard Platt and John Sampson and Jyme Schafer and Tosteson, {Tor D.} and Barbara Vickrey and Benjamin Warf",
note = "Funding Information: This workshop was funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. No authors or workshop participants have any personal, financial, or institutional interest in any of the drugs, materials, or devices described in this article. Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2017 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.",
year = "2017",
month = apr,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/neuros/nyw133",
language = "English",
volume = "80",
pages = "505--514",
journal = "Neurosurgery",
issn = "0148-396X",
publisher = "Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications",
number = "4",
}