Indirect lead exposure among children of radiator repair workers

Background: Secondary exposure to lead has been identified as a public health problem since the late 1940s; we investigate the risk of lead exposure among families of radiator repair workers. Methods: A sample of the wives and children, aged 6 months to 6 years (exposed children) (n = 19), of radiator repair workers and a sample of children whose parents were not occupationally exposed to lead (non-exposed children) (n = 29) were matched for age and residence; their geometric mean blood lead levels are compared. Blood samples were obtained by the finger stick method and environmental dust samples by the wipe method; both were analyzed using a portable anodic stripping voltameter. Results: Dust lead levels were significantly higher in the houses of exposed children (143.8 vs. 3.9 μg/g; P < 0.01). In crude analyses, the highest lead levels were observed among children whose fathers worked in home-based workshops (22.4 μg/dl)(n = 6). Children whose fathers worked in an external workshop (n = 13) also had high levels (14.2 μg/dl) (P < 0.01), while blood lead levels in non-exposed children were significantly lower (5.6 μg/dl)(P < 0.01). The observed differences remained significant after adjustment for age and gender. Conclusions: This study confirms that children of radiator repair workers are at increased risk of lead exposure and public health interventions are needed to protect them.