Implications of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on pregnancy and maternal and child outcomes

With an estimated 10% prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among women of childbearing age, it is important to understand the implications of this disease on pregnancy. This article explores the relationship between NAFLD and gestational diabetes mellitus, the implications of maternal NAFLD on both the pregnancy and the infant, and the effects of breastfeeding on maternal and offspring health. Prospective studies and sensitive diagnostic techniques for the evaluation of NAFLD during pregnancy are limited; however, emerging evidence suggests that appropriate counseling and monitoring of patients with, or at risk of developing, NAFLD during pregnancy may have significant benefits on maternal and child health.