Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions

Neli Tsereteli; Raphael Vallat; Juan Fernandez-Tajes; Linda M. Delahanty; Jose M. Ordovas; David A. Drew; Ana M. Valdes; Nicola Segata; Andrew T. Chan; Jonathan Wolf; Sarah E. Berry; Matthew P. Walker; Timothy D. Spector; Paul W. Franks

doi:10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y

Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions

Neli Tsereteli, Raphael Vallat, Juan Fernandez-Tajes, Linda M. Delahanty, Jose M. Ordovas, David A. Drew, Ana M. Valdes, Nicola Segata, Andrew T. Chan, Jonathan Wolf, Sarah E. Berry, Matthew P. Walker, Timothy D. Spector, Paul W. Franks

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis: Sleep, diet and exercise are fundamental to metabolic homeostasis. In this secondary analysis of a repeated measures, nutritional intervention study, we tested whether an individual’s sleep quality, duration and timing impact glycaemic response to a breakfast meal the following morning. Methods: Healthy adults’ data (N = 953 [41% twins]) were analysed from the PREDICT dietary intervention trial. Participants consumed isoenergetic standardised meals over 2 weeks in the clinic and at home. Actigraphy was used to assess sleep variables (duration, efficiency, timing) and continuous glucose monitors were used to measure glycaemic variation (>8000 meals). Results: Sleep variables were significantly associated with postprandial glycaemic control (2 h incremental AUC), at both between- and within-person levels. Sleep period time interacted with meal type, with a smaller effect of poor sleep on postprandial blood glucose levels when high-carbohydrate (low fat/protein) (p_interaction = 0.02) and high-fat (p_interaction = 0.03) breakfasts were consumed compared with a reference 75 g OGTT. Within-person sleep period time had a similar interaction (high carbohydrate: p_interaction = 0.001, high fat: p_interaction = 0.02). Within- and between-person sleep efficiency were significantly associated with lower postprandial blood glucose levels irrespective of meal type (both p < 0.03). Later sleep midpoint (time deviation from midnight) was found to be significantly associated with higher postprandial glucose, in both between-person and within-person comparisons (p = 0.035 and p = 0.051, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation: Poor sleep efficiency and later bedtime routines are associated with more pronounced postprandial glycaemic responses to breakfast the following morning. A person’s deviation from their usual sleep pattern was also associated with poorer postprandial glycaemic control. These findings underscore sleep as a modifiable, non-pharmacological therapeutic target for the optimal regulation of human metabolic health. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03479866. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	356-365
Number of pages	10
Journal	Diabetologia
Volume	65
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y
State	Published - Feb 2022
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Diet
Metabolic health
Person-centring
Postprandial glucose
Sleep

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10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y

Cite this

Tsereteli, N., Vallat, R., Fernandez-Tajes, J., Delahanty, L. M., Ordovas, J. M., Drew, D. A., Valdes, A. M., Segata, N., Chan, A. T., Wolf, J., Berry, S. E., Walker, M. P., Spector, T. D., & Franks, P. W. (2022). Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions. Diabetologia, 65(2), 356-365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y

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title = "Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions",

abstract = "Aims/hypothesis: Sleep, diet and exercise are fundamental to metabolic homeostasis. In this secondary analysis of a repeated measures, nutritional intervention study, we tested whether an individual{\textquoteright}s sleep quality, duration and timing impact glycaemic response to a breakfast meal the following morning. Methods: Healthy adults{\textquoteright} data (N = 953 [41% twins]) were analysed from the PREDICT dietary intervention trial. Participants consumed isoenergetic standardised meals over 2 weeks in the clinic and at home. Actigraphy was used to assess sleep variables (duration, efficiency, timing) and continuous glucose monitors were used to measure glycaemic variation (>8000 meals). Results: Sleep variables were significantly associated with postprandial glycaemic control (2 h incremental AUC), at both between- and within-person levels. Sleep period time interacted with meal type, with a smaller effect of poor sleep on postprandial blood glucose levels when high-carbohydrate (low fat/protein) (pinteraction = 0.02) and high-fat (pinteraction = 0.03) breakfasts were consumed compared with a reference 75 g OGTT. Within-person sleep period time had a similar interaction (high carbohydrate: pinteraction = 0.001, high fat: pinteraction = 0.02). Within- and between-person sleep efficiency were significantly associated with lower postprandial blood glucose levels irrespective of meal type (both p < 0.03). Later sleep midpoint (time deviation from midnight) was found to be significantly associated with higher postprandial glucose, in both between-person and within-person comparisons (p = 0.035 and p = 0.051, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation: Poor sleep efficiency and later bedtime routines are associated with more pronounced postprandial glycaemic responses to breakfast the following morning. A person{\textquoteright}s deviation from their usual sleep pattern was also associated with poorer postprandial glycaemic control. These findings underscore sleep as a modifiable, non-pharmacological therapeutic target for the optimal regulation of human metabolic health. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03479866. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]",

keywords = "Diet, Metabolic health, Person-centring, Postprandial glucose, Sleep",

author = "Neli Tsereteli and Raphael Vallat and Juan Fernandez-Tajes and Delahanty, {Linda M.} and Ordovas, {Jose M.} and Drew, {David A.} and Valdes, {Ana M.} and Nicola Segata and Chan, {Andrew T.} and Jonathan Wolf and Berry, {Sarah E.} and Walker, {Matthew P.} and Spector, {Timothy D.} and Franks, {Paul W.}",

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year = "2022",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1007/s00125-021-05608-y",

language = "English",

volume = "65",

pages = "356--365",

journal = "Diabetologia",

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T1 - Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions

AU - Tsereteli, Neli

AU - Vallat, Raphael

AU - Fernandez-Tajes, Juan

AU - Delahanty, Linda M.

AU - Ordovas, Jose M.

AU - Drew, David A.

AU - Valdes, Ana M.

AU - Segata, Nicola

AU - Chan, Andrew T.

AU - Wolf, Jonathan

AU - Berry, Sarah E.

AU - Walker, Matthew P.

AU - Spector, Timothy D.

AU - Franks, Paul W.

PY - 2022/2

Y1 - 2022/2

N2 - Aims/hypothesis: Sleep, diet and exercise are fundamental to metabolic homeostasis. In this secondary analysis of a repeated measures, nutritional intervention study, we tested whether an individual’s sleep quality, duration and timing impact glycaemic response to a breakfast meal the following morning. Methods: Healthy adults’ data (N = 953 [41% twins]) were analysed from the PREDICT dietary intervention trial. Participants consumed isoenergetic standardised meals over 2 weeks in the clinic and at home. Actigraphy was used to assess sleep variables (duration, efficiency, timing) and continuous glucose monitors were used to measure glycaemic variation (>8000 meals). Results: Sleep variables were significantly associated with postprandial glycaemic control (2 h incremental AUC), at both between- and within-person levels. Sleep period time interacted with meal type, with a smaller effect of poor sleep on postprandial blood glucose levels when high-carbohydrate (low fat/protein) (pinteraction = 0.02) and high-fat (pinteraction = 0.03) breakfasts were consumed compared with a reference 75 g OGTT. Within-person sleep period time had a similar interaction (high carbohydrate: pinteraction = 0.001, high fat: pinteraction = 0.02). Within- and between-person sleep efficiency were significantly associated with lower postprandial blood glucose levels irrespective of meal type (both p < 0.03). Later sleep midpoint (time deviation from midnight) was found to be significantly associated with higher postprandial glucose, in both between-person and within-person comparisons (p = 0.035 and p = 0.051, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation: Poor sleep efficiency and later bedtime routines are associated with more pronounced postprandial glycaemic responses to breakfast the following morning. A person’s deviation from their usual sleep pattern was also associated with poorer postprandial glycaemic control. These findings underscore sleep as a modifiable, non-pharmacological therapeutic target for the optimal regulation of human metabolic health. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03479866. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

AB - Aims/hypothesis: Sleep, diet and exercise are fundamental to metabolic homeostasis. In this secondary analysis of a repeated measures, nutritional intervention study, we tested whether an individual’s sleep quality, duration and timing impact glycaemic response to a breakfast meal the following morning. Methods: Healthy adults’ data (N = 953 [41% twins]) were analysed from the PREDICT dietary intervention trial. Participants consumed isoenergetic standardised meals over 2 weeks in the clinic and at home. Actigraphy was used to assess sleep variables (duration, efficiency, timing) and continuous glucose monitors were used to measure glycaemic variation (>8000 meals). Results: Sleep variables were significantly associated with postprandial glycaemic control (2 h incremental AUC), at both between- and within-person levels. Sleep period time interacted with meal type, with a smaller effect of poor sleep on postprandial blood glucose levels when high-carbohydrate (low fat/protein) (pinteraction = 0.02) and high-fat (pinteraction = 0.03) breakfasts were consumed compared with a reference 75 g OGTT. Within-person sleep period time had a similar interaction (high carbohydrate: pinteraction = 0.001, high fat: pinteraction = 0.02). Within- and between-person sleep efficiency were significantly associated with lower postprandial blood glucose levels irrespective of meal type (both p < 0.03). Later sleep midpoint (time deviation from midnight) was found to be significantly associated with higher postprandial glucose, in both between-person and within-person comparisons (p = 0.035 and p = 0.051, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation: Poor sleep efficiency and later bedtime routines are associated with more pronounced postprandial glycaemic responses to breakfast the following morning. A person’s deviation from their usual sleep pattern was also associated with poorer postprandial glycaemic control. These findings underscore sleep as a modifiable, non-pharmacological therapeutic target for the optimal regulation of human metabolic health. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03479866. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

KW - Diet

KW - Metabolic health

KW - Person-centring

KW - Postprandial glucose

KW - Sleep

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SP - 356

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JO - Diabetologia

JF - Diabetologia

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ER -

Impact of insufficient sleep on dysregulated blood glucose control under standardised meal conditions

Abstract

Keywords

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