TY - JOUR
T1 - Immunologic profile of highly exposed yet HIV type 1-seronegative men
AU - Yang, Otto O.
AU - Shodell, Michael
AU - Shearer, Gene M.
AU - Grene, Edith
AU - Carrington, Mary
AU - O'Brien, Steve
AU - Price, Charles B.
AU - Detels, Roger
AU - Jamieson, Beth D.
AU - Giorgi, Janis V.
AU - Boscardin, W. John
AU - Matud, Jose
AU - Hausner, Mary Ann
AU - Hultin, Lance E.
AU - Hultin, Patricia M.
AU - Shih, Roger
AU - Ferbas, John
AU - Siegal, Frederick P.
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - The host immune factors that determine susceptibility to HIV-1 infection are poorly understood. We compared multiple immunologic parameters in three groups of HIV-1-seronegative men: 14 highly exposed (HR10), 7 previously reported possibly to have sustained transient infection (PTI), and a control group of 14 low risk blood bank donors (BB). Virus-specific cellular immune assays were performed for CD4+ T helper cell responses, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity, CD8+ cell chemokine release, and CD8+ cell-derived antiviral soluble factor activity. General immune parameters evaluated included CCR5 genotype and phenotype, interferon α production by PBMCs, leukocyte subset analysis, and detailed T lymphocyte phenotyping. Comparisons revealed no detectable group-specific differences in measures of virus-specific immunity. However, the HR10 group differed from the BB group in several general immune parameters, having higher absolute monocyte counts, higher absolute CD8+ T cell counts and percentages, lower naive and higher terminal effector CD8+ cells, and lower levels of CD28+CD8+ cells. These changes were not associated with seropositivity for other chronic viral infections. The PTI men appeared to have normal levels of monocytes and slightly elevated levels of CD8+ T cells (also with increased effector and decreased naive cells). Although we cannot entirely exclude the contribution of other chronic viral infections, these findings suggest that long-lived systemic cellular antiviral immunity as detected by our assays is not a common mechanism for resistance to infection, and that resistance may be multifactorial. General immune parameters reflected by CD8+ T cell levels and activation, and monocyte concentrations may affect the risk of infection with HIV-1, and/or serve as markers of exposure.
AB - The host immune factors that determine susceptibility to HIV-1 infection are poorly understood. We compared multiple immunologic parameters in three groups of HIV-1-seronegative men: 14 highly exposed (HR10), 7 previously reported possibly to have sustained transient infection (PTI), and a control group of 14 low risk blood bank donors (BB). Virus-specific cellular immune assays were performed for CD4+ T helper cell responses, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity, CD8+ cell chemokine release, and CD8+ cell-derived antiviral soluble factor activity. General immune parameters evaluated included CCR5 genotype and phenotype, interferon α production by PBMCs, leukocyte subset analysis, and detailed T lymphocyte phenotyping. Comparisons revealed no detectable group-specific differences in measures of virus-specific immunity. However, the HR10 group differed from the BB group in several general immune parameters, having higher absolute monocyte counts, higher absolute CD8+ T cell counts and percentages, lower naive and higher terminal effector CD8+ cells, and lower levels of CD28+CD8+ cells. These changes were not associated with seropositivity for other chronic viral infections. The PTI men appeared to have normal levels of monocytes and slightly elevated levels of CD8+ T cells (also with increased effector and decreased naive cells). Although we cannot entirely exclude the contribution of other chronic viral infections, these findings suggest that long-lived systemic cellular antiviral immunity as detected by our assays is not a common mechanism for resistance to infection, and that resistance may be multifactorial. General immune parameters reflected by CD8+ T cell levels and activation, and monocyte concentrations may affect the risk of infection with HIV-1, and/or serve as markers of exposure.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036392177&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1089/08892220260235416
DO - 10.1089/08892220260235416
M3 - Article
C2 - 12396457
AN - SCOPUS:0036392177
SN - 0889-2229
VL - 18
SP - 1051
EP - 1065
JO - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
JF - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
IS - 14
ER -