@article{05ef675092774bfc886916d2cd44ca70,
title = "Gut microbiota density influences host physiology and is shaped by host and microbial factors",
abstract = "To identify factors that regulate gut microbiota density and the impact of varied microbiota density on health, we assayed this fundamental ecosystem property in fecal samples across mammals, human disease, and therapeutic interventions. Physiologic features of the host (carrying capacity) and the fitness of the gut microbiota shape microbiota density. Therapeutic manipulation of microbiota density in mice altered host metabolic and immune homeostasis. In humans, gut microbiota density was reduced in Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. The gut microbiota in recurrent Clostridium difficile infection had lower density and reduced fitness that were restored by fecal microbiota transplantation. Understanding the interplay between microbiota and disease in terms of microbiota density, host carrying capacity, and microbiota fitness provide new insights into microbiome structure and microbiome targeted therapeutics. Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).",
keywords = "fecal microbiota transplantation, gut microbiome, human, human biology, infectious disease, inflammatory bowel disease, medicine, microbiology, microbiota density, mouse",
author = "Contijoch, {Eduardo J.} and Britton, {Graham J.} and Chao Yang and Ilaria Mogno and Zhihua Li and Ruby Ng and Llewellyn, {Sean R.} and Sheela Hira and Crystal Johnson and Rabinowitz, {Keren M.} and Revital Barkan and Iris Dotan and Hirten, {Robert P.} and Fu, {Shih Chen} and Yuying Luo and Nancy Yang and Tramy Luong and Labrias, {Philippe R.} and Sergio Lira and Inga Peter and Ari Grinspan and Clemente, {Jose C.} and Roman Kosoy and Seunghee Kim-Schulze and Xiaochen Qin and Anabella Castillo and Amanda Hurley and Ashish Atreja and Jason Rogers and Farah Fasihuddin and Merjona Saliaj and Amy Nolan and Pamela Reyes-Mercedes and Carina Rodriguez and Sarah Aly and Kenneth Santa-Cruz and Lauren Peters and Mayte Su{\'a}rez-Fari{\~n}as and Ruiqi Huang and Ke Hao and Jun Zhu and Bin Zhang and Bojan Losic and Haritz Irizar and Song, {Won Min} and {Di Narzo}, Antonio and Wenhui Wang and Cohen, {Benjamin L.} and Christopher DiMaio and David Greenwald and Steven Itzkowitz and Aimee Lucas and James Marion and Elana Maser and Ryan Ungaro and Steven Naymagon and Joshua Novak and Brijen Shah and Thomas Ullman and Peter Rubin and James George and Peter Legnani and Telesco, {Shannon E.} and Friedman, {Joshua R.} and Carrie Brodmerkel and Scott Plevy and Cho, {Judy H.} and Colombel, {Jean Frederic} and Schadt, {Eric E.} and Carmen Argmann and Marla Dubinsky and Andrew Kasarskis and Bruce Sands and Faith, {Jeremiah J.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, Contijoch et al.",
year = "2019",
month = jan,
day = "22",
doi = "10.7554/eLife.40553",
language = "English",
volume = "8",
journal = "eLife",
issn = "2050-084X",
publisher = "eLife Sciences Publications",
}