Genotype–phenotype correlation at codon 1740 of SETD2

Rachel Rabin, Alireza Radmanesh, Ian A. Glass, William B. Dobyns, Kimberly A. Aldinger, Joseph T. Shieh, Shelby Romoser, Hannah Bombei, Leah Dowsett, Pamela Trapane, John A. Bernat, Janice Baker, Nancy J. Mendelsohn, Bernt Popp, Manuela Siekmeyer, Ina Sorge, Francis Hugh Sansbury, Patrick Watts, Nicola C. Foulds, Jennifer BurtonGeorge Hoganson, Jane A. Hurst, Lara Menzies, Deborah Osio, Larissa Kerecuk, Jan M. Cobben, Khadijé Jizi, Sebastien Jacquemont, Stacey A. Bélanger, Katharina Löhner, Hermine E. Veenstra-Knol, Henny H. Lemmink, Jennifer Keller-Ramey, Ingrid M. Wentzensen, Sumit Punj, Kirsty McWalter, Jerica Lenberg, Katarzyna A. Ellsworth, Kelly Radtke, Schahram Akbarian, John Pappas

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

The SET domain containing 2, histone lysine methyltransferase encoded by SETD2 is a dual-function methyltransferase for histones and microtubules and plays an important role for transcriptional regulation, genomic stability, and cytoskeletal functions. Specifically, SETD2 is associated with trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me3) and methylation of α-tubulin at lysine 40. Heterozygous loss of function and missense variants have previously been described with Luscan-Lumish syndrome (LLS), which is characterized by overgrowth, neurodevelopmental features, and absence of overt congenital anomalies. We have identified 15 individuals with de novo variants in codon 1740 of SETD2 whose features differ from those with LLS. Group 1 consists of 12 individuals with heterozygous variant c.5218C>T p.(Arg1740Trp) and Group 2 consists of 3 individuals with heterozygous variant c.5219G>A p.(Arg1740Gln). The phenotype of Group 1 includes microcephaly, profound intellectual disability, congenital anomalies affecting several organ systems, and similar facial features. Individuals in Group 2 had moderate to severe intellectual disability, low normal head circumference, and absence of additional major congenital anomalies. While LLS is likely due to loss of function of SETD2, the clinical features seen in individuals with variants affecting codon 1740 are more severe suggesting an alternative mechanism, such as gain of function, effects on epigenetic regulation, or posttranslational modification of the cytoskeleton. Our report is a prime example of different mutations in the same gene causing diverging phenotypes and the features observed in Group 1 suggest a new clinically recognizable syndrome uniquely associated with the heterozygous variant c.5218C>T p.(Arg1740Trp) in SETD2.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2037-2048
Number of pages12
JournalAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A
Volume182
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Sep 2020

Keywords

  • SETD2
  • clinical genetics
  • genotype phenotype
  • histone modification
  • neurodevelopmental

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